(c) \( y=4 f(x) \) Stretch the graph vertically by a factor of 4 . Shrink the graph horizontally by a factor of 4 . Shift the graph 4 units upward. Shift the graph 4 units to the left. Stretch the graph horizontally and vertically by a factor of 4 . Shrink the graph horizontally by a factor of 4 . Shift the graph 4 units to the left. Stretch the graph horizontally and vertically by a factor of 4 . Shift the graph 4 units upward. Stretch the graph vertically by a factor of 4 .

When you stretch the graph of \( y = f(x) \) vertically by a factor of 4, every point on the graph moves away from the x-axis. That means if you have a point \( (a, b) \) on the original graph, it will now be at \( (a, 4b) \). It's like giving the graph a little lift, making it taller without changing its shape! Shifting the graph 4 units upward simply means you take every point and add 4 to its y-coordinate. So, a point \( (a, b) \) becomes \( (a, b+4) \). This transformation moves the entire graph up the y-axis, like floating it on a magic carpet just a little higher in the sky!