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\begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline Pregunta 4 \\ \( \begin{array}{l}\text { En un edificio en construcción, una llave inglesa golpea el suelo con una } \\ \text { velocidad cuya magnitud es } 12.9 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s} \text {. ¿Cuánto tiempo (en segundos) duró la } \\ \text { caída? }\end{array} \) \\ Nota: Exprese su respuesta con 01 (un) decimal. \\ \hline\end{tabular}

Ask by Marsh Carroll. in Colombia
Mar 08,2025

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Tutor-Verified Answer

Answer

El tiempo que duró la caída es aproximadamente 1.3 segundos.

Solution

Sea \(g = 9.8\,\mathrm{m/s^2}\) la aceleración de la gravedad y se asuma que la llave inglesa es soltada desde el reposo. La velocidad final en caída libre se relaciona con el tiempo de caída mediante \[ v = g\,t. \] Dado que la magnitud de la velocidad al impactar el suelo es \(12.9\,\mathrm{m/s}\), se tiene: \[ 12.9 = 9.8\,t. \] Despejando el tiempo \(t\): \[ t = \frac{12.9}{9.8} \approx 1.3163 \, \mathrm{s}. \] Expresando la respuesta con 1 decimal, se obtiene: \[ t \approx 1.3\,\mathrm{s}. \]

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Para calcular el tiempo de caída de la llave inglesa, podemos utilizar la ecuación de la cinemática que relaciona la velocidad final, la aceleración y el tiempo. Asumiendo que la única fuerza actuando es la gravedad (\( g \approx 9.81 \, \mathrm{m/s^2} \)), podemos usar la fórmula: \[ v = g \cdot t \] Donde: - \( v = 12.9 \, \mathrm{m/s} \) - \( g = 9.81 \, \mathrm{m/s^2} \) Reorganizando la fórmula para encontrar \( t \): \[ t = \frac{v}{g} = \frac{12.9}{9.81} \approx 1.31 \text{ segundos} \] Por lo tanto, el tiempo que duró la caída es aproximadamente \( 1.3 \, \text{segundos}\). ¡Recuerda que esta situación es un ejemplo clásico de física en acción!

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