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3. (3 pts) Use the definition of the derivative to find \( f^{\prime}(x) \) given that \( f(x)=-10 x+3.7 \). Use correct mathematical notation in each step. \( f^{\prime}(x)=\lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h} \) \( =\lim _{h \rightarrow 0} \frac{-10(x+h)+3.7-(-10 x+37)}{h} \) Note that the function \( f(x)=-10 x+3.7 \) is a decreasing linear function and the derivative function for \( f(x) \) is a constant, specifically \( f^{\prime}(x)=-10 \) which is the slope of the function. For any linear function \( y=m x+b \), the derivative is \( y^{\prime}=m \).

Ask by Hart Griffiths. in the United States
Feb 25,2025

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Answer

The derivative of \( f(x) = -10x + 3.7 \) is \( f^{\prime}(x) = -10 \).

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We start with the definition of the derivative:   f′(x) = limₕ→0 [f(x + h) − f(x)]⁄h. Step 1: Write f(x + h)   Since f(x) = –10x + 3.7, we have     f(x + h) = –10(x + h) + 3.7 = –10x – 10h + 3.7. Step 2: Compute the difference f(x + h) − f(x)   f(x + h) − f(x) = [–10x – 10h + 3.7] – [–10x + 3.7]     = –10x – 10h + 3.7 + 10x – 3.7     = –10h. Step 3: Substitute into the limit definition   f′(x) = limₕ→0 (–10h / h). Step 4: Simplify the quotient   For h ≠ 0, (–10h)⁄h = –10.   Thus, f′(x) = limₕ→0 (–10) = –10. Therefore, the derivative of the function f(x) = –10x + 3.7 is   f′(x) = –10. This result is consistent with the general rule that for any linear function y = mx + b, the derivative y′ equals the slope m.

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To kick things off, let's explore the power of derivatives in everyday life! For instance, when you're riding a bike on a straight path, the speed you're pedaling can be viewed as the derivative of your position over time. This means that the concept of a derivative isn't just abstract math; it helps you understand and analyze motion in real-world scenarios! Now, onto some classic mistakes in finding derivatives: students often get tripped up by forgetting to simplify correctly after substituting \( f(x+h) \) into the limit formula. Remember to distribute carefully before applying the limit! It's also easy to overlook the fact that the derivative of a linear function is constant, so don't waste time pulling out hasty second derivatives when it's simply a straight line you're dealing with!

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