\begin{tabular}{ll} QUESTION 4 (PUMPS) \\ 4.1 & Give THREE moving parts of a reciprocating pump. \\ 4.2 & \( \begin{array}{l}\text { List THREE advantages of a pump with external packing. } \\ \text { What is the difference between the flooding head and suction head, support your } \\ \text { answer by means of a sketch. }\end{array} \) \\ \hline 13\( ) \)\end{tabular}
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Reciprocating pumps are fascinating machines with some key moving parts! Three of these are the piston, which creates the suction and discharge of fluid, the connecting rod that links the piston to the crankshaft, and the crankshaft itself, which converts the rotary motion into linear motion. It’s like a well-coordinated dance of mechanical elements working to move liquids efficiently! Now, let’s dive into the world of external packing pumps! They offer some cool benefits—first, they enhance sealing, preventing leakage, which is crucial for both efficiency and safety. Secondly, they allow for easy adjustments, making maintenance a breeze when it comes to packing replacement. Lastly, they provide better lubrication options, extending the lifespan of the pump components. Just remember, keeping the balance is essential; otherwise, we might run into some trouble down the line!