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For \( \frac{(x-4)^{2}}{9}-\frac{(y-2)^{2}}{16}=1 \), \( \begin{array}{ll}\text { (a) Identify the center. } & \text { (b) Identify the vertices. } \\ \begin{array}{ll}\text { (c) Identify the foci. } & \text { (d) Write equations for the asymptotes. } \\ \text { (e) Graph the hyperbola. }\end{array} \\ \text { Give exact answers. Express numbers in simplest form using integers, fractions, or radicals. }\end{array} \)

Ask by Hart Craig. in the United States
Mar 19,2025

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Answer

**(a) Center:** \((4,2)\) **(b) Vertices:** \((7,2)\) and \((1,2)\) **(c) Foci:** \((9,2)\) and \((-1,2)\) **(d) Asymptotes:** \[ y - 2 = \frac{4}{3}(x - 4) \quad \text{and} \quad y - 2 = -\frac{4}{3}(x - 4) \] **(e) Graph:** A horizontal hyperbola centered at \((4,2)\) with vertices at \((7,2)\) and \((1,2)\), foci at \((9,2)\) and \((-1,2)\), and asymptotes \(y - 2 = \frac{4}{3}(x - 4)\) and \(y - 2 = -\frac{4}{3}(x - 4)\).

Solution

**(a) Identify the Center** The given equation is \[ \frac{(x-4)^2}{9} - \frac{(y-2)^2}{16} = 1. \] This is in the standard form of a horizontal hyperbola \[ \frac{(x-h)^2}{a^2} - \frac{(y-k)^2}{b^2} = 1, \] where the center is at \((h, k)\). Comparing, we have \[ h=4 \quad \text{and} \quad k=2. \] Thus, the center is \(\boxed{(4,2)}\). --- **(b) Identify the Vertices** For a horizontal hyperbola, the vertices are located \(a\) units left and right from the center. Here, \[ a^2=9 \quad \Rightarrow \quad a=3. \] So, the vertices are at \[ (4 \pm 3,\,2), \] which gives \[ (7,2) \quad \text{and} \quad (1,2). \] Thus, the vertices are \(\boxed{(7,2)\text{ and }(1,2)}\). --- **(c) Identify the Foci** For a hyperbola, the foci satisfy \[ c^2 = a^2 + b^2. \] We have \[ a^2=9 \quad \text{and} \quad b^2=16, \] so \[ c^2 = 9+16 = 25 \quad \Rightarrow \quad c=5. \] The foci are located \(c\) units left and right of the center (since the hyperbola is horizontal): \[ (4 \pm 5,\,2), \] which gives \[ (9,2) \quad \text{and} \quad (-1,2). \] Thus, the foci are \(\boxed{(9,2)\text{ and }(-1,2)}\). --- **(d) Write Equations for the Asymptotes** For a hyperbola in the form \[ \frac{(x-h)^2}{a^2} - \frac{(y-k)^2}{b^2} = 1, \] the equations of the asymptotes are \[ y-k = \pm \frac{b}{a}(x-h). \] Substitute \(h=4\), \(k=2\), \(a=3\), and \(b=4\): \[ y-2 = \pm \frac{4}{3}(x-4). \] Thus, the asymptotes are \(\boxed{y-2 = \frac{4}{3}(x-4)}\) and \(\boxed{y-2 = -\frac{4}{3}(x-4)}\). --- **(e) Graph the Hyperbola** 1. **Center:** Plot the point \((4,2)\). 2. **Vertices:** Mark the two vertices at \((7,2)\) and \((1,2)\). 3. **Foci:** Mark the foci at \((9,2)\) and \((-1,2)\). 4. **Asymptotes:** Draw the lines \[ y-2 = \frac{4}{3}(x-4) \quad \text{and} \quad y-2 = -\frac{4}{3}(x-4). \] These lines cross at the center and provide a guide for the shape of the hyperbola. 5. **Hyperbola Branches:** Since the hyperbola is horizontal, the two branches open to the left and right. They approach the asymptotes as \(x\) goes to \(+\infty\) or \(-\infty\). The graph consists of two branches that start near the vertices \((7,2)\) and \((1,2)\) respectively and open outward, approaching the asymptotes. Thus, all required components for the hyperbola have been identified and described.

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The Deep Dive

The equation given is that of a hyperbola in standard form, which shows us how to find its center, vertices, foci, and asymptotes with ease. The center of the hyperbola can be identified in the form \( \frac{(x-h)^{2}}{a^{2}} - \frac{(y-k)^{2}}{b^{2}} = 1 \), where \( (h,k) \) is the center point. For the equation \( \frac{(x-4)^{2}}{9}-\frac{(y-2)^{2}}{16}=1 \), the center is at the point \( (4, 2) \). The vertices are located at \( (h \pm a, k) \), where \( a^2 = 9 \) so \( a = 3 \). The vertices are therefore located at \( (4 \pm 3, 2) \), which gives us \( (7, 2) \) and \( (1, 2) \). For the foci, which are at \( (h \pm c, k) \) where \( c = \sqrt{a^2 + b^2} \), we find \( c = \sqrt{9 + 16} = \sqrt{25} = 5 \). This gives us the foci at \( (4 + 5, 2) = (9, 2) \) and \( (4 - 5, 2) = (-1, 2) \). As for the asymptotes, they are represented by the equations \( y - k = \pm \frac{b}{a}(x - h) \). Given \( b^2 = 16 \), we find \( b = 4 \), leading to the slopes being \( \pm \frac{4}{3} \). Therefore, the equations of the asymptotes are: 1. \( y - 2 = \frac{4}{3}(x - 4) \) 2. \( y - 2 = -\frac{4}{3}(x - 4) \) The resulting equations simplify to \( y = \frac{4}{3}x - \frac{10}{3} \) and \( y = -\frac{4}{3}x + \frac{26}{3} \). To graph the hyperbola, plot the center at \( (4, 2) \), mark the vertices at \( (1, 2) \) and \( (7, 2) \), and mark the foci at \( (-1, 2) \) and \( (9, 2) \). Draw the asymptotes through the given equations, which will provide a boundary that the hyperbola approaches but never touches! The hyperbola will open left and right, with a distinct shape that curves away from these asymptotic lines.

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