Question
Naming Alkanes - Worksheet \#2 Draw the tryatural formula and line bond for the following molecules. Remember the following: - Carbosss on the end of a chain are attached to three hydrogens - Carbons is the middle of a chain are attached to two hydrogens - Carboes that have one branch attached are also attached to one hydrogen - Carbons thet have two branches attached are not attached to any hydrogens 4-eby-octane 2 -methyl-aonane 3,3-dimethyl-pentane 3-ethyl-peatane 3-ethyl-2methyl-heptane 2.2,3-trimethyl-butane 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-hexane 2,3,4,5,6,7-hexamethyl-octane 4-ethyl-octane 2-methyl-nonane 2-ethyl-2methyl-butane 3-ethyl-pentane 2-ethyl-2-methyl-heptane
Ask by Jimenez Mullins. in South Africa
Feb 21,2025
Upstudy AI Solution
Tutor-Verified Answer
Answer
Here are the structural formulas and line-bond representations for the given alkanes:
1. **4-Ethyl-Octane**
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3
```
2. **2-Methyl-Nonane**
```
CH3
|
CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
```
3. **3,3-Dimethyl-Pentane**
```
CH3
|
CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3
|
CH3
```
4. **3-Ethyl-Pentane**
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3
```
5. **3-Ethyl-2-Methyl-Heptane**
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-CH-C-CH2-CH2-CH3
|
CH3
```
6. **2,2,3-Trimethyl-Butane**
```
CH3
|
CH3-C-CH-C-CH3
|
CH3
```
7. **3-Ethyl-2,2-Dimethyl-Hexane**
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-C-CH-C-CH2-CH3
|
CH3
```
8. **2,3,4,5,6,7-Hexamethyl-Octane**
```
CH3
|
CH3-C-CH-C-CH-C-CH-C-CH3
| | | |
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
```
9. **4-Ethyl-Octane (Duplicate)**
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3
```
10. **2-Methyl-Nonane (Duplicate)**
```
CH3
|
CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
```
11. **2-Ethyl-2-Methyl-Butane**
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-C-CH3
|
CH3
```
12. **3-Ethyl-Pentane (Duplicate)**
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3
```
13. **2-Ethyl-2-Methyl-Heptane**
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-C-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
|
CH3
```
These drawings follow the IUPAC naming conventions, ensuring each carbon atom has the correct number of hydrogen atoms based on its position in the chain.
Solution
To draw the structural formulas and line-bond representations for the given alkanes, we will follow the IUPAC naming conventions and the rules for drawing organic molecules. Below are the steps for each compound:
### 1. 4-ethyl-octane
- **Structure**: The main chain is octane (8 carbons), and there is an ethyl group (2 carbons) on the 4th carbon.
- **Line-bond representation**:
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3
```
### 2. 2-methyl-nonane
- **Structure**: The main chain is nonane (9 carbons), with a methyl group (1 carbon) on the 2nd carbon.
- **Line-bond representation**:
```
CH3
|
CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
```
### 3. 3,3-dimethyl-pentane
- **Structure**: The main chain is pentane (5 carbons), with two methyl groups on the 3rd carbon.
- **Line-bond representation**:
```
CH3
|
CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3
|
CH3
```
### 4. 3-ethyl-pentane
- **Structure**: The main chain is pentane (5 carbons), with an ethyl group on the 3rd carbon.
- **Line-bond representation**:
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3
```
### 5. 3-ethyl-2-methyl-heptane
- **Structure**: The main chain is heptane (7 carbons), with an ethyl group on the 3rd carbon and a methyl group on the 2nd carbon.
- **Line-bond representation**:
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-CH-C-CH2-CH2-CH3
|
CH3
```
### 6. 2,2,3-trimethyl-butane
- **Structure**: The main chain is butane (4 carbons), with three methyl groups: two on the 2nd carbon and one on the 3rd carbon.
- **Line-bond representation**:
```
CH3
|
CH3-C-CH-C-CH3
|
CH3
```
### 7. 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-hexane
- **Structure**: The main chain is hexane (6 carbons), with an ethyl group on the 3rd carbon and two methyl groups on the 2nd carbon.
- **Line-bond representation**:
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-C-CH-C-CH2-CH3
|
CH3
```
### 8. 2,3,4,5,6,7-hexamethyl-octane
- **Structure**: The main chain is octane (8 carbons), with methyl groups on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th carbons.
- **Line-bond representation**:
```
CH3
|
CH3-C-CH-C-CH-C-CH-C-CH3
| | | |
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
```
### 9. 4-ethyl-octane (duplicate)
- Already covered above.
### 10. 2-methyl-nonane (duplicate)
- Already covered above.
### 11. 2-ethyl-2-methyl-butane
- **Structure**: The main chain is butane (4 carbons), with an ethyl group and a methyl group both on the 2nd carbon.
- **Line-bond representation**:
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-C-CH3
|
CH3
```
### 12. 3-ethyl-pentane (duplicate)
- Already covered above.
### 13. 2-ethyl-2-methyl-heptane
- **Structure**: The main chain is heptane (7 carbons), with an ethyl group and a methyl group both on the 2nd carbon.
- **Line-bond representation**:
```
CH2-CH3
|
CH3-C-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
|
CH3
```
These representations follow the rules for drawing alkanes, ensuring that each carbon atom has the correct number of hydrogen atoms based on its bonding.
Answered by UpStudy AI and reviewed by a Professional Tutor
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Simplify this solution Bonus Knowledge
Naming alkanes can feel like a mouthful, but it's actually rooted in logic and structure! Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons comprised solely of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) atoms, bound by single covalent bonds. Each carbon can form four bonds, meaning they can combine into long chains or branched structures. As you draw their structures, you'll witness the beauty of organic chemistry—each molecule has specific rules for naming, primarily based on the number and arrangement of carbon atoms, which can have fascinating implications in fields ranging from petrochemicals to pharmaceuticals. If you're diving into alkane names and structures, consider exploring functional groups and their implications. Understanding how alkanes transform into other compounds—like alkenes or alkynes—by losing or gaining single bonds can enhance your grasp of organic chemistry's broader canvas. Additionally, check out fun resources like molecular model kits or apps that let you visualize these carbon chains in 3D. It’s a great way to marry creativity with chemistry!
