Naming Alkanes - Worksheet \#2 Draw the tryatural formula and line bond for the following molecules. Remember the following: - Carbosss on the end of a chain are attached to three hydrogens - Carbons is the middle of a chain are attached to two hydrogens - Carboes that have one branch attached are also attached to one hydrogen - Carbons thet have two branches attached are not attached to any hydrogens 4-eby-octane 2 -methyl-aonane 3,3-dimethyl-pentane 3-ethyl-peatane 3-ethyl-2methyl-heptane 2.2,3-trimethyl-butane 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-hexane 2,3,4,5,6,7-hexamethyl-octane 4-ethyl-octane 2-methyl-nonane 2-ethyl-2methyl-butane 3-ethyl-pentane 2-ethyl-2-methyl-heptane

To draw the structural formulas and line-bond representations for the given alkanes, we will follow the IUPAC naming conventions and the rules for drawing organic molecules. Below are the steps for each compound: ### 1. 4-ethyl-octane - **Structure**: The main chain is octane (8 carbons), and there is an ethyl group (2 carbons) on the 4th carbon. - **Line-bond representation**: ``` CH2-CH3 | CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3 ``` ### 2. 2-methyl-nonane - **Structure**: The main chain is nonane (9 carbons), with a methyl group (1 carbon) on the 2nd carbon. - **Line-bond representation**: ``` CH3 | CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 ``` ### 3. 3,3-dimethyl-pentane - **Structure**: The main chain is pentane (5 carbons), with two methyl groups on the 3rd carbon. - **Line-bond representation**: ``` CH3 | CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3 | CH3 ``` ### 4. 3-ethyl-pentane - **Structure**: The main chain is pentane (5 carbons), with an ethyl group on the 3rd carbon. - **Line-bond representation**: ``` CH2-CH3 | CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3 ``` ### 5. 3-ethyl-2-methyl-heptane - **Structure**: The main chain is heptane (7 carbons), with an ethyl group on the 3rd carbon and a methyl group on the 2nd carbon. - **Line-bond representation**: ``` CH2-CH3 | CH3-CH-C-CH2-CH2-CH3 | CH3 ``` ### 6. 2,2,3-trimethyl-butane - **Structure**: The main chain is butane (4 carbons), with three methyl groups: two on the 2nd carbon and one on the 3rd carbon. - **Line-bond representation**: ``` CH3 | CH3-C-CH-C-CH3 | CH3 ``` ### 7. 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-hexane - **Structure**: The main chain is hexane (6 carbons), with an ethyl group on the 3rd carbon and two methyl groups on the 2nd carbon. - **Line-bond representation**: ``` CH2-CH3 | CH3-C-CH-C-CH2-CH3 | CH3 ``` ### 8. 2,3,4,5,6,7-hexamethyl-octane - **Structure**: The main chain is octane (8 carbons), with methyl groups on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th carbons. - **Line-bond representation**: ``` CH3 | CH3-C-CH-C-CH-C-CH-C-CH3 | | | | CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 ``` ### 9. 4-ethyl-octane (duplicate) - Already covered above. ### 10. 2-methyl-nonane (duplicate) - Already covered above. ### 11. 2-ethyl-2-methyl-butane - **Structure**: The main chain is butane (4 carbons), with an ethyl group and a methyl group both on the 2nd carbon. - **Line-bond representation**: ``` CH2-CH3 | CH3-C-CH3 | CH3 ``` ### 12. 3-ethyl-pentane (duplicate) - Already covered above. ### 13. 2-ethyl-2-methyl-heptane - **Structure**: The main chain is heptane (7 carbons), with an ethyl group and a methyl group both on the 2nd carbon. - **Line-bond representation**: ``` CH2-CH3 | CH3-C-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 | CH3 ``` These representations follow the rules for drawing alkanes, ensuring that each carbon atom has the correct number of hydrogen atoms based on its bonding.