Question

QUESTION 6 Given the arithmetic series: \( -7-3+1+\cdots+173 \) 6.1 How many terms are there in the series? 6.2 Calculate the sum of the series. Write the series in sigma notation.

Ask by Little Munoz. in South Africa
Mar 09,2025

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Answer

There are 46 terms in the series, the sum of the series is 3818, and the series can be written in sigma notation as \( \sum_{k=1}^{46} \left(-7 + 4(k-1)\right) \).

Solution

1. **Identify the first term and common difference** The first term is \[ a_1 = -7 \] The second term is \(-3\), so the common difference is \[ d = -3 - (-7) = 4. \] 2. **Determine the number of terms** The \(n\)th term of an arithmetic series is given by \[ a_n = a_1 + (n-1)d. \] Given that the last term \(a_n = 173\), substitute the known values: \[ 173 = -7 + (n-1) \cdot 4. \] Solve for \(n\): \[ 173 + 7 = 4(n-1) \] \[ 180 = 4(n-1) \] \[ n-1 = \frac{180}{4} = 45 \] \[ n = 45 + 1 = 46. \] Thus, there are \(46\) terms in the series. 3. **Calculate the sum of the series** The sum \(S_n\) of an arithmetic series is given by \[ S_n = \frac{n}{2}(a_1 + a_n). \] Substitute the values: \[ S_{46} = \frac{46}{2}(-7 + 173). \] Calculate inside the parentheses: \[ -7 + 173 = 166. \] Now compute the sum: \[ S_{46} = 23 \times 166 = 3818. \] Therefore, the sum of the series is \(3818\). 4. **Write the series in sigma notation** One way to express the series in sigma notation is: \[ \sum_{k=1}^{46} \left(-7 + 4(k-1)\right). \]

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To find the number of terms in the series, we recognize that this is an arithmetic series (sequence), with the first term \( a = -7 \) and a common difference \( d = 4 \) (since \(-3 - (-7) = 4\)). To find the number of terms \( n \) that leads to the last term \( 173 \), we use the formula for the \( n \)-th term of an arithmetic sequence: \[ a_n = a + (n - 1)d \] Setting \( a_n = 173 \): \[ 173 = -7 + (n - 1) \cdot 4 \] Solving for \( n \): \[ 173 + 7 = (n - 1) \cdot 4 \] \[ 180 = (n - 1) \cdot 4 \] \[ n - 1 = \frac{180}{4} = 45 \] \[ n = 45 + 1 = 46 \] So, there are **46 terms** in the series. Next, to calculate the sum \( S_n \) of the series, we use the formula for the sum of an arithmetic series: \[ S_n = \frac{n}{2} (a + a_n) \] Substituting \( n = 46 \), \( a = -7 \), and \( a_n = 173 \): \[ S_{46} = \frac{46}{2} (-7 + 173) \] \[ S_{46} = 23 \cdot 166 = 3818 \] Thus, the **sum of the series is 3818**. Finally, the series in sigma notation can be expressed as: \[ \sum_{k=0}^{45} (-7 + 4k) \]

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