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Find the unit tangent vector \( T(t) \) and find a set of parametric equations for the line tangent to the space curve at point \( P \). \[ r(t)=\langle 6 \cos t, 6 \sin t, 7\rangle, p\left(\frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}, \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}, 7\right) \]

Ask by Greene Sullivan. in the United States
Feb 20,2025

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Answer

The unit tangent vector \( T(t) \) is \( \langle -\sin t, \cos t, 0 \rangle \). The parametric equations for the tangent line at point \( P \left( \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}, \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}, 7 \right) \) are: \[ x = \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}} - \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}s \\ y = \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}s \\ z = 7 \] where \( s \) is a parameter.

Solution

To solve this problem, we first compute the unit tangent vector T(t) for the curve r(t) and then use it to write the parametric equations for the tangent line at the point P. Step 1. Find the unit tangent vector T(t): The curve is given by:   r(t) = ⟨6 cos t, 6 sin t, 7⟩ Differentiate r(t) with respect to t to obtain r′(t):   r′(t) = ⟨-6 sin t, 6 cos t, 0⟩ Now, find the magnitude of r′(t):   ||r′(t)|| = √[(-6 sin t)² + (6 cos t)² + 0²]       = √[36 sin²t + 36 cos²t]       = √[36 (sin²t + cos²t)]       = √36 = 6 Thus, the unit tangent vector is:   T(t) = r′(t) / ||r′(t)|| = ⟨-6 sin t, 6 cos t, 0⟩ / 6 = ⟨- sin t, cos t, 0⟩ Step 2. Identify the parameter t at point P: The point P is given as:   P = (6/√2, 6/√2, 7) For the first two coordinates, we set:   6 cos t = 6/√2  ⟹ cos t = 1/√2   6 sin t = 6/√2  ⟹ sin t = 1/√2 Both sin t and cos t equal 1/√2, which occurs when:   t = π/4 Step 3. Evaluate T(t) at t = π/4: Substitute t = π/4 into T(t):   T(π/4) = ⟨ - sin(π/4), cos(π/4), 0 ⟩        = ⟨ - (1/√2), 1/√2, 0 ⟩ This is the direction vector of the tangent line at P. Step 4. Write the parametric equations for the tangent line: A line passing through point P with direction vector d = T(π/4) is given by:   x = x₀ + d₁s   y = y₀ + d₂s   z = z₀ + d₃s where s is a parameter, and P = (x₀, y₀, z₀) = (6/√2, 6/√2, 7), and d = ⟨-1/√2, 1/√2, 0⟩. Thus, the parametric equations are:   x = 6/√2 − (1/√2)s   y = 6/√2 + (1/√2)s   z = 7 Final Answer: 1. The unit tangent vector is:   T(t) = ⟨- sin t, cos t, 0⟩ 2. The parametric equations for the tangent line at P are:   x = 6/√2 − (1/√2)s   y = 6/√2 + (1/√2)s   z = 7 These results give the desired unit tangent vector and the tangent line to the curve at the point P.

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To find the unit tangent vector \( T(t) \) and the parametric equations for the line tangent to the space curve at point \( P \), we first need to compute the derivative of the position vector \( r(t) \). 1. **Calculate the derivative \( r'(t) \)**: \[ r(t) = \langle 6 \cos t, 6 \sin t, 7 \rangle \] \[ r'(t) = \langle -6 \sin t, 6 \cos t, 0 \rangle \] 2. **Find \( t \) at point \( P \)**: The coordinates of point \( P \) are \( \left(\frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}, \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}, 7\right) \). - We can see that: \[ 6 \cos t = \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}} \Rightarrow \cos t = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \Rightarrow t = \frac{\pi}{4} \text{ or } t = \frac{7\pi}{4} \] \[ 6 \sin t = \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}} \Rightarrow \sin t = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \] - The angle \( t = \frac{\pi}{4} \) satisfies both conditions. 3. **Evaluate \( r'(t) \) at \( t = \frac{\pi}{4} \)**: \[ r'\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right) = \langle -6 \sin\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right), 6 \cos\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right), 0 \rangle = \langle -6 \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, 6 \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, 0 \rangle = \langle -\frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}, \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}, 0 \rangle \] 4. **Calculate the unit tangent vector \( T(t) \)**: The unit tangent vector is given by normalizing \( r'(t) \): \[ \| r'(\frac{\pi}{4}) \| = \sqrt{\left(-\frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2 + 0^2} = \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{6^2}{2}\right)} = 6 \] Therefore, \[ T\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right) = \frac{1}{6} \langle -\frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}, \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}, 0 \rangle = \langle -\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, 0 \rangle \] 5. **Set up the parametric equations for the tangent line at \( P \)**: The parametric equation for the tangent line at point \( P \) is: \[ L(s) = P + s T\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right) \] where \( P = \left(\frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}, \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}, 7\right) \) and \( T\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right) = \langle -\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, 0 \rangle \). Hence: \[ x(s) = \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}} - \frac{s}{\sqrt{2}}, \] \[ y(s) = \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}} + \frac{s}{\sqrt{2}}, \] \[ z(s) = 7. \] In summary, the unit tangent vector at \( P \) is \( T\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right) = \langle -\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, 0 \rangle \), and the parametric equations for the tangent line are: \[ x(s) = \frac{6}{\sqrt{2}} - \frac{s}{\sqrt{2}}, \quad y(s)

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