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Dado el campo vectorial \( \mathbf{F}(x, y, z)=\left(y^{2}+3 z\right) \mathbf{i}+(2 x+z) \mathbf{j}+\left(x^{2}-y\right) \mathbf{k} \) ¿cuál es el rotacional \( \nabla \times F \) ? \( \begin{array}{l}0(0) \mathbf{i}-(3) \mathbf{j}+(0) \mathbf{k} \\ 0-2 \mathbf{i}-(2 x-3) \mathbf{j}+(2-2 y) \mathbf{k} \\ 0-1 \mathbf{i}-(2 x-3) \mathbf{j}+(2-2 y) \mathbf{k}\end{array} \)

Ask by Li Huang. in Mexico
Mar 10,2025

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Tutor-Verified Answer

Answer

El rotacional \( \nabla \times \mathbf{F} \) es \( -2 \mathbf{i} + (3 - 2x) \mathbf{j} + (2 - 2y) \mathbf{k} \).

Solution

Para encontrar el rotacional del campo vectorial \( \mathbf{F}(x, y, z) = \left(y^{2}+3 z\right) \mathbf{i} + (2 x+z) \mathbf{j} + \left(x^{2}-y\right) \mathbf{k} \), utilizamos la fórmula del rotacional: \[ \nabla \times \mathbf{F} = \begin{vmatrix} \mathbf{i} & \mathbf{j} & \mathbf{k} \\ \frac{\partial}{\partial x} & \frac{\partial}{\partial y} & \frac{\partial}{\partial z} \\ F_1 & F_2 & F_3 \end{vmatrix} \] donde \( F_1 = y^2 + 3z \), \( F_2 = 2x + z \), y \( F_3 = x^2 - y \). Ahora, calculamos el determinante: \[ \nabla \times \mathbf{F} = \begin{vmatrix} \mathbf{i} & \mathbf{j} & \mathbf{k} \\ \frac{\partial}{\partial x} & \frac{\partial}{\partial y} & \frac{\partial}{\partial z} \\ y^2 + 3z & 2x + z & x^2 - y \end{vmatrix} \] Calculamos cada componente del rotacional: 1. **Componente en \( \mathbf{i} \)**: \[ \frac{\partial}{\partial y}(x^2 - y) - \frac{\partial}{\partial z}(2x + z) = -1 - 1 = -2 \] 2. **Componente en \( \mathbf{j} \)**: \[ \frac{\partial}{\partial z}(y^2 + 3z) - \frac{\partial}{\partial x}(x^2 - y) = 3 - 2x = 3 - 2x \] 3. **Componente en \( \mathbf{k} \)**: \[ \frac{\partial}{\partial x}(2x + z) - \frac{\partial}{\partial y}(y^2 + 3z) = 2 - 2y = 2 - 2y \] Por lo tanto, el rotacional \( \nabla \times \mathbf{F} \) es: \[ \nabla \times \mathbf{F} = -2 \mathbf{i} + (3 - 2x) \mathbf{j} + (2 - 2y) \mathbf{k} \] Así que la respuesta final es: \[ \nabla \times \mathbf{F} = -2 \mathbf{i} + (3 - 2x) \mathbf{j} + (2 - 2y) \mathbf{k} \]

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The Deep Dive

Para calcular el rotacional \( \nabla \times \mathbf{F} \) del campo vectorial \( \mathbf{F}(x, y, z)=(y^{2}+3 z) \mathbf{i}+(2 x+z) \mathbf{j}+\left(x^{2}-y\right) \mathbf{k} \), utilizamos la fórmula del rotacional en coordenadas cartesianas: \[ \nabla \times \mathbf{F} = \begin{vmatrix} \mathbf{i} & \mathbf{j} & \mathbf{k} \\ \frac{\partial}{\partial x} & \frac{\partial}{\partial y} & \frac{\partial}{\partial z} \\ y^{2}+3z & 2x+z & x^{2}-y \end{vmatrix} \] Calculando el determinante, obtenemos: \[ \nabla \times \mathbf{F} = \left( \frac{\partial (x^{2}-y)}{\partial y} - \frac{\partial (2x+z)}{\partial z} \right) \mathbf{i} - \left( \frac{\partial (x^{2}-y)}{\partial x} - \frac{\partial (y^{2}+3z)}{\partial z} \right) \mathbf{j} + \left( \frac{\partial (2x+z)}{\partial x} - \frac{\partial (y^{2}+3z)}{\partial y} \right) \mathbf{k} \] Calculando cada término, conseguimos: 1. Primer componente: \( \frac{\partial (x^{2}-y)}{\partial y} = -1 \) y \( \frac{\partial (2x+z)}{\partial z} = 1 \), así que \( -1 - 1 = -2 \). 2. Segundo componente: \( \frac{\partial (x^{2}-y)}{\partial x} = 2x \) y \( \frac{\partial (y^{2}+3z)}{\partial z} = 3 \), así que \( 2x - 3 \). 3. Tercer componente: \( \frac{\partial (2x+z)}{\partial x} = 2 \) y \( \frac{\partial (y^{2}+3z)}{\partial y} = 2y \), así que \( 2 - 2y \). Por lo tanto, el rotacional es: \[ \nabla \times \mathbf{F} = -2 \mathbf{i} - (2x - 3) \mathbf{j} + (2 - 2y) \mathbf{k} \]

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