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7. (P.19) Calcule \( a_{1} \) y \( r \) para cada sucesión geométrica, sabiendo qu \( \begin{array}{ll}\text { a) } a_{2}=10 \text { y } a_{4}=40 & \text { b) } a_{3}=6 \text { y } a_{5}=24 \\ \text { c) } a_{3}=5 \text { y } a_{5}=80 & \text { d) } a_{3}=32 \text { y } a_{5}=128 \\ \text { e) } a_{2}=2 \text { y } a_{4}=32 & \text { f) } a_{3}=18 \text { y } a_{4}=-54\end{array} \)

Ask by Adkins Boyd. in Nicaragua
Mar 12,2025

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Para cada sucesión geométrica, se calcula \( a_1 \) y \( r \) utilizando la fórmula \( a_n = a_1 \cdot r^{n-1} \). Se resuelven las ecuaciones para encontrar los valores de \( a_1 \) y \( r \) en cada caso. a) \( a_1 = 5 \), \( r = 2 \) b) \( a_1 = \frac{3}{2} \), \( r = 2 \) c) \( a_1 = \frac{5}{16} \), \( r = 4 \) d) \( a_1 = 8 \), \( r = 2 \) e) \( a_1 = \frac{1}{2} \), \( r = 4 \) f) \( a_1 = -\frac{18}{r} \), \( r = -3 \)

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The Deep Dive

Para resolver esto, primero debemos recordar que en una sucesión geométrica, los términos están relacionados por una razón constante \( r \). La fórmula del enésimo término de la sucesión geométrica es: \[ a_n = a_1 \cdot r^{n-1} \] Utilizaremos esta fórmula para encontrar tanto \( a_1 \) como \( r \). a) Dado que \( a_2 = 10 \) y \( a_4 = 40 \): \[ a_2 = a_1 \cdot r = 10 \quad (1) \] \[ a_4 = a_1 \cdot r^3 = 40 \quad (2) \] Dividiendo (2) entre (1), obtenemos: \[ \frac{a_4}{a_2} = r^2 \Rightarrow \frac{40}{10} = r^2 \Rightarrow r^2 = 4 \Rightarrow r = 2 \] Sustituyendo \( r \) en (1): \[ 10 = a_1 \cdot 2 \quad \Rightarrow a_1 = 5 \] b) Con \( a_3 = 6 \) y \( a_5 = 24 \): \[ a_3 = a_1 \cdot r^2 = 6 \quad (3) \] \[ a_5 = a_1 \cdot r^4 = 24 \quad (4) \] Dividiendo (4) entre (3): \[ \frac{a_5}{a_3} = r^2 \Rightarrow \frac{24}{6} = r^2 \Rightarrow r^2 = 4 \Rightarrow r = 2 \] Sustituyendo \( r \) en (3): \[ 6 = a_1 \cdot 2^2 \quad \Rightarrow 6 = a_1 \cdot 4 \quad \Rightarrow a_1 = \frac{6}{4} = \frac{3}{2} \] c) Para \( a_3 = 5 \) y \( a_5 = 80 \): \[ a_3 = a_1 \cdot r^2 = 5 \quad (5) \] \[ a_5 = a_1 \cdot r^4 = 80 \quad (6) \] Dividiendo (6) entre (5): \[ \frac{a_5}{a_3} = r^2 \Rightarrow \frac{80}{5} = r^2 \Rightarrow r^2 = 16 \Rightarrow r = 4 \] Sustituyendo \( r \) en (5): \[ 5 = a_1 \cdot 4^2 \quad \Rightarrow 5 = a_1 \cdot 16 \quad \Rightarrow a_1 = \frac{5}{16} \] d) Para \( a_3 = 32 \) y \( a_5 = 128 \): \[ a_3 = a_1 \cdot r^2 = 32 \quad (7) \] \[ a_5 = a_1 \cdot r^4 = 128 \quad (8) \] Dividiendo (8) entre (7): \[ \frac{a_5}{a_3} = r^2 \Rightarrow \frac{128}{32} = r^2 \Rightarrow r^2 = 4 \Rightarrow r = 2 \] Sustituyendo \( r \) en (7): \[ 32 = a_1 \cdot 2^2 \quad \Rightarrow 32 = a_1 \cdot 4 \quad \Rightarrow a_1 = 8 \] e) Para \( a_2 = 2 \) y \( a_4 = 32 \): \[ a_2 = a_1 \cdot r = 2 \quad (9) \] \[ a_4 = a_1 \cdot r^3 = 32 \quad (10) \] Dividiendo (10) entre (9): \[ \frac{a_4}{a_2} = r^2 \Rightarrow \frac{32}{2} = r^2 \Rightarrow r^2 = 16 \Rightarrow r = 4 \] Sustituyendo \( r \) en (9): \[ 2 = a_1 \cdot 4 \quad \Rightarrow a_1 = \frac{2}{4} = \

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