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Dada la función \( f(x, y, z)=x^{2} y+y z^{2}+x z \) ¿cuál es el vector gradiente of en términos de \( i, j y k \) ?

Ask by Conner Mckenzie. in Mexico
Mar 10,2025

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Answer

El vector gradiente de la función \( f(x, y, z) = x^2 y + y z^2 + x z \) es: \[ \nabla f = (2xy + z) \, \mathbf{i} + (x^2 + z^2) \, \mathbf{j} + (2yz + x) \, \mathbf{k} \]

Solution

Sea la función \[ f(x, y, z) = x^2 y + y z^2 + xz. \] 1. Calcular la derivada parcial respecto a \(x\): - La derivada de \(x^2 y\) respecto a \(x\) es \(2xy\). - La derivada de \(y z^2\) respecto a \(x\) es \(0\) (ya que no depende de \(x\)). - La derivada de \(xz\) respecto a \(x\) es \(z\). Entonces, \[ \frac{\partial f}{\partial x} = 2xy + z. \] 2. Calcular la derivada parcial respecto a \(y\): - La derivada de \(x^2 y\) respecto a \(y\) es \(x^2\). - La derivada de \(y z^2\) respecto a \(y\) es \(z^2\). - La derivada de \(xz\) respecto a \(y\) es \(0\) (ya que no depende de \(y\)). Entonces, \[ \frac{\partial f}{\partial y} = x^2 + z^2. \] 3. Calcular la derivada parcial respecto a \(z\): - La derivada de \(x^2 y\) respecto a \(z\) es \(0\) (ya que no depende de \(z\)). - La derivada de \(y z^2\) respecto a \(z\) es \(2yz\). - La derivada de \(xz\) respecto a \(z\) es \(x\). Entonces, \[ \frac{\partial f}{\partial z} = 2yz + x. \] El vector gradiente es: \[ \nabla f(x, y, z) = \left( 2xy+z \right) \, \mathbf{i} + \left( x^2+z^2 \right) \, \mathbf{j} + \left( 2yz+x \right) \, \mathbf{k}. \]

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Para encontrar el vector gradiente de la función \( f(x, y, z) = x^{2}y + yz^{2} + xz \), calculamos las derivadas parciales respecto a cada variable. 1. **Derivada parcial con respecto a \( x \)**: \[ \frac{\partial f}{\partial x} = 2xy + z \] 2. **Derivada parcial con respecto a \( y \)**: \[ \frac{\partial f}{\partial y} = x^{2} + z^{2} \] 3. **Derivada parcial con respecto a \( z \)**: \[ \frac{\partial f}{\partial z} = 2yz + x \] Así, el vector gradiente \( \nabla f \) se expresa como: \[ \nabla f = \left( 2xy + z \right) \hat{i} + \left( x^{2} + z^{2} \right) \hat{j} + \left( 2yz + x \right) \hat{k} \]

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