3. (HS-ESS2-3) What is the source of energy which drives the convection currents within the Earth?

The energy driving convection currents within the Earth primarily comes from the heat generated by the planet’s core. This heat originates from two main sources: the residual heat from Earth's formation and the decay of radioactive isotopes within the Earth’s mantle and crust. As this heat rises, it creates buoyancy, causing warmer material to rise and cooler material to sink, thus initiating the convection cycle that can influence plate tectonics! In addition to understanding convection currents, it’s fascinating to consider how these processes impact our world. For instance, they play a crucial role in the formation of mountain ranges, earthquakes, and volcanic activity. When tectonic plates interact due to these convective forces, they can lead to dramatic changes in the Earth's landscape and even affect global climate patterns. It's like Mother Nature is continually shuffling the cards of the Earth’s crust!