Question 4 (1 point) State the total number of complex roots, the possible number of real and imaginary roots and the possible rational roots for each equation. Then find all roots. \( \begin{array}{l}x^{3}+3 x^{2}-x-3=0 \\ \text { a of complex roots: } 3 \\ \text { Possible \# of real roots: } 3 \text { or } 1 \\ \text { Possible \# of imaginary roots: } 2 \text { or } 0 \\ \text { Possible rational roots: } \pm 1, \pm 3 \\ \text { Roots: }\{-3,1,-1\} \\ \text { \# of complex roots: } 3 \\ \text { Possible \# of real roots: } 3 \text { or } 1 \\ \text { Possible \# of imaginary roots: } 2 \text { or } 0 \\ \text { Possible rational roots: } \pm 1, \pm 3 \\ \text { Roots: }\{3,1,-1\} \\ \text { \# of complex roots: } 3 \\ \text { Possible \# of real roots: } 3 \text { or } 1 \\ \text { Possible \# of imaginary roots: } 2 \text { or } 0 \\ \text { Possible rational roots: } \pm 1, \pm 3 \\ \text { Roots: }\{-3,-1,-1\} \\ \text { \# of complex roots: } 3 \\ \text { Possible \# of real roots: } 3 \text { or } 1 \\ \text { Possible \# of imaginary roots: } 2 \text { or } 0 \\ \text { Possible rational roots: } \pm 1, \pm 3 \\ \text { Roots: }\{3, \text { double root at } 1\}\end{array} \) \( \begin{array}{l}\text { d }\end{array} \)
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Dig into the world of polynomials, and you'll discover the fascinating Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, which states that every non-constant polynomial equation has as many complex roots as its degree! For our cubic equation, that means there are always a total of 3 roots (which might be real or complex), and these can come in various combinations. Visualizing this on a graph can often help illuminate potential real roots and how they may cluster around integer values. When solving polynomial equations, a common pitfall is overlooking the multiple roots a polynomial can possess, leading to undercounting the roots. For instance, when testing possible rational roots, you should not only check candidates through synthetic division but also ensure to account for any duplicities. For example, if \(1\) is a root with a multiplicity of 2, you'll need to recognize that it influences not just the root count but also the behavior of the polynomial near this point!
