1. \( \left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}+\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2} \rightarrow \)
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The reaction between ammonium sulfate \((\mathrm{NH}_{4})_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) and calcium hydroxide \(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) produces calcium sulfate \(\mathrm{CaSO}_{4}\) and ammonia \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) along with water \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\). This is an example of a double displacement reaction where the ammonium ions swap with the calcium ions, leading to the formation of these new compounds. In real-world applications, this reaction is interesting as it highlights how fertilizers interact with soil components. Farmers sometimes apply lime (calcium hydroxide) to neutralize acidic soils where ammonium-based fertilizers have been used. Understanding this reaction can lead to better soil management practices, ensuring plants get the nutrients they need while minimizing environmental impacts.