\( \begin{array}{l} \text { (il) }\\ \begin{array}{l} 121 \frac{x+2}{\sqrt{-x^{2}-4 x}} d x \\ -x-4 x=-(x+2)^{2}+4=4-(x+2)^{2} \\ \int \frac{x+2}{\sqrt{4-(x+2)^{2}}} d x \\ u^{2}=(x+2)^{2} \quad a^{2}=4 \quad a=2 \end{array}\\ \begin{array}{l} \int \frac{u}{\sqrt{a^{2}-u^{2}}} d u \\ \left.\begin{array}{rl} T=-u^{2} \\ \begin{array}{rl} d t & d u \end{array}=-\frac{d T}{-2 u} \end{array}\right\}=\int \frac{4 t}{\sqrt{c^{2}-T}}-\frac{d T}{2 u t} \\ \equiv \frac{1}{2} \int\left(a^{2}-T\right)^{\frac{1}{2}} d T \\ =-\frac{1}{2}\left(2\left(a^{2}-T\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \\ =-\sqrt{a^{2}-T}+c \\ =-\sqrt{4-(x+2)^{2}}+c \end{array} \end{array} \)
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Mind Expander
Did you know that the integral you’re working with has roots that go back to ancient mathematics? The study of integrals emerged in the work of mathematicians such as Archimedes and was later refined during the calculus revolution in the 17th century by Newton and Leibniz. They devised the fundamental theorem of calculus, linking derivatives and integrals, paving the way for modern analysis and applications across disciplines! In the real world, understanding integrals like the one you've presented can be incredibly useful! For instance, they play a crucial role in physics, particularly in calculating areas under curves and determining quantities such as work, energy, or probability. Engineers frequently use integrals to analyze system behaviors and optimize designs, while economists apply them to model and predict financial trends. So next time you tackle fun problems like these, remember their practical significance!
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