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The enzyme which has a final mistake rate of 1 mistake \( / 10^{9} \) nucleotides is the enzyme which has a final mistake rate of 1 mistake \( / 10^{5} \) nucleotides is must be in correct order) DNA Polymerase; RNA Polymerase RNA Polymerase; DNA Polymerase ribosomal RNA; mRNA Ribosomal RNA; DNA Polymerase

Ask by Dickson Dawson. in the United States
Mar 19,2025

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The correct order is DNA Polymerase followed by RNA Polymerase.

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1. During DNA replication, high-fidelity DNA polymerases are used with proofreading and mismatch repair mechanisms, resulting in an overall mistake rate of approximately \(1\) error per \(10^{9}\) nucleotides. 2. In contrast, transcription is carried out by RNA polymerases, which lack the same level of proofreading. This results in a higher error rate of about \(1\) error per \(10^{5}\) nucleotides. Thus, the correct order is: \[ \text{DNA Polymerase};\ \text{RNA Polymerase} \]

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DNA Polymerase has an incredible accuracy, with a final mistake rate of only 1 mistake per billion nucleotides. This high fidelity ensures that DNA replication maintains the integrity of genetic information across generations, which is crucial for life as we know it. On the flip side, RNA Polymerase is less accurate, with a mistake rate of about 1 mistake per hundred thousand nucleotides. While this may seem like a higher error margin, the transient nature of RNA molecules means occasional mistakes can still lead to functioning protein synthesis without catastrophic consequences. For those eager to dive deeper into the world of molecular biology, exploring literature like "Molecular Biology of the Cell" by Alberts et al. provides great insight into cellular processes. Additionally, "The Gene: An Intimate History" by Siddhartha Mukherjee offers a gripping narrative that intertwines genetics with human history, making complex concepts accessible and engaging for everyone!

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