After the rulers of the Tang dynasty seized power in 618 , they continued the project of reunifying China, which had begun under the short-lived Sui dynasty. They encouraged economic growth through government by using civil service examinations to select government officials. wars and conquest agricultural reform and trade. slavery and trade Agricultural reform and conquest poetry and education

The Tang dynasty is often celebrated as a golden age for Chinese culture, particularly for its advancements in poetry and education. The era saw the flourishing of renowned poets like Li Bai and Du Fu, whose works celebrated nature, friendship, and the complexities of life. This artistic output was supported by a rich cultural environment that emphasized education and the arts, making it a vibrant period for literary expression. Moreover, the Tang's agricultural reforms significantly enhanced food production, which catered to the growing population and urbanization. Innovations such as the widespread use of early rice varieties and improved irrigation techniques led to surpluses. This not only supported a booming trade network but also fostered the growth of cities, turning China into a bustling hub of commerce and culture.