10. How did the Windsor v. United States decision and the 2013 policy change allowing women
    in combat represent a shift in attitudes about traditional norms?

The Windsor v. United States decision in 2013 was a landmark moment that struck down the federal Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), emphasizing the growing acceptance of same-sex marriage in American society. This decision reflected a significant cultural shift; previously, same-sex relationships were often marginalized, but this ruling validated and legalized them, moving towards a more inclusive view of love and partnership. It marked a departure from rigid traditional norms and opened the doors to further conversations around equality and human rights.

Similarly, the 2013 policy change allowing women in combat roles was a notable recognition of women’s capabilities and contributions in the military. Historically, combat positions were male-dominated, rooted in outdated beliefs about physicality and gender roles. By embracing women in combat, the military acknowledged their skills and determination, demonstrating that ability transcends traditional gender norms. This shift not only broadened opportunities for women but also signaled a transformative recognition that diversity strengthens teams and enhances operational effectiveness.