12. Foliation or lineation happens among deformed rocks due to A. pressure and recrystallization of rocks B. eruption of magma from the mantle to the crust C. increase in temperature in the surrounding area D. increase in volume of water as the rocks' depth increases 13. Which of the following relationships is INCORRECT? A. fine grain: slate B. banding: gneiss C. non-foliated: phyllite D. contact heat: hornfels 14. How do temperature and pressure affect metamorphism? A. Pressure and temperature increase as you go up to the crust. B. The deeper the rock depth, the higher the pressure and temperature. C. Foliation happens as there is an increase in the pressure and temperature. D. Magma cannot bake the surrounding rocks due to the difference in temperature.15. Samer is walking down the river when she sees an unknown metamorphic rock. Which of the following characteristic can BEST help her to immediately identify the type of metamorphism that the rock underwent using a magnifying glass? A. foliation B. grain size C. name of the rock D. kind of mineral present in the rock

Supplemental Knowledge:

Metamorphic rocks are formed under the influence of high pressure and temperature conditions that cause physical and chemical changes in the original rock. Understanding the processes that lead to foliation and lineation, as well as recognizing different types of metamorphic rocks, is crucial for geologists.

Applied Knowledge:

Imagine you are hiking in a mountainous region. The rocks you see around you have likely undergone regional metamorphism due to immense pressures from tectonic forces over millions of years. If you find a rock with distinct layers or bands (foliation), it indicates that it has experienced significant directional pressure. On the other hand, if you come across a rock near an old volcanic site with no layers but altered minerals, it might have undergone contact metamorphism from past volcanic activity.

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