2.6 Water can exist in all three classical state of matter. Name the THREE state of matter. (3) [27] QUESTION 3 3.1 Copper and iron ores were the first minerals mined by the black farmer communities who entered the sub-continent about 2000 years ago. 3.1.1 Name and describe the process used to produce these types of metals. (3) 3.1.2 Name TWO items which were produced from copper and iron ore (2) 3.2.1 Oil and natural gas are raw materials that consist mainly of hydrocarbons derived from fossilized marine organism. State the difference between oil and natural gas. (4) 3.2.2 Which company is the main producer of oil and natural gas? (1) 3.2.3 List TWO products produced from oil and natural gas. (2) 3.3 State THREE uses of inorganic chemicals in the chemical industry. (3) 3.4 Define a nuclear reaction. (2)

Let's break down the questions step by step. ### Question 2.6 **Name the THREE states of matter:** 1. Solid 2. Liquid 3. Gas ### Question 3 #### 3.1 Copper and iron ores **3.1.1 Name and describe the process used to produce these types of metals.** - The process used to produce copper and iron from their ores is called **smelting**. - **Description:** Smelting involves heating the ore in the presence of a reducing agent (like carbon) to extract the metal. For copper, the ore is often heated with silica and carbon, which helps to separate the metal from impurities. For iron, iron ore is heated in a blast furnace with coke (a form of carbon) and limestone, which helps to remove impurities and produce molten iron. **3.1.2 Name TWO items which were produced from copper and iron ore.** 1. Copper: Electrical wires 2. Iron: Tools or machinery #### 3.2 Oil and natural gas **3.2.1 State the difference between oil and natural gas.** - **Oil** is a liquid fossil fuel that is primarily composed of hydrocarbons and is used for fuel, lubrication, and as a raw material for various chemicals. It is typically found in liquid form in underground reservoirs. - **Natural gas** is a gaseous fossil fuel that consists mainly of methane (CH₄) and is used for heating, electricity generation, and as a feedstock for chemical production. It is often found in association with oil or in shale deposits. **3.2.2 Which company is the main producer of oil and natural gas?** - **Saudi Aramco** is the main producer of oil and natural gas. **3.2.3 List TWO products produced from oil and natural gas.** 1. Gasoline 2. Plastics #### 3.3 State THREE uses of inorganic chemicals in the chemical industry.** 1. Fertilizers (e.g., ammonium nitrate) 2. Cleaning agents (e.g., sodium hydroxide) 3. Pigments (e.g., titanium dioxide) #### 3.4 Define a nuclear reaction.** - A nuclear reaction is a process in which the nucleus of an atom undergoes a change, resulting in the transformation of one element into another or the release of energy. This can occur through processes such as fission (splitting of a nucleus) or fusion (combining of nuclei).