The positive effect on the environment that the Kyoto Protocol intended to achieve
failed because developing countries were exempt.
failed because the US did not sign the agreement.
succeeded because overall emissions were reduced.
succeeded because all countries signed the agreement.

The Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, aimed to combat climate change by committing its signatories to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. While it led to some successes, such as encouraging emission trading schemes and raising awareness globally, its impact was hindered by the exemption of developing countries and the withdrawal of the US, leading to criticisms about its overall effectiveness.

Despite these challenges, the treaty did ignite a movement toward global climate action, paving the way for future agreements like the Paris Accord. This subsequent framework encouraged more inclusive participation and aimed to unite countries, regardless of their development stage, in the quest for a sustainable environment.