Effects of ARBD (alcohol related birth defects) include: all of the above. bone damage. liver damage. heart damage.

ARBD can significantly impact the development of a fetus, leading to a host of challenges. For instance, bone damage may manifest as growth deficiencies or skeletal abnormalities, which can affect mobility later in life. Additionally, heart damage can result in congenital heart defects, requiring ongoing medical attention and interventions to manage and improve the child's quality of life. Real-world applications of understanding ARBD are crucial for prevention efforts. Healthcare providers emphasize the importance of abstaining from alcohol during pregnancy, as even moderate drinking can have serious consequences. Public health campaigns aim to spread awareness about the risks of alcohol consumption during pregnancy, empowering expectant mothers with knowledge to safeguard their baby's health.