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Conndance Intervals and Hypoihesh Testing
Confidence interval for the population mean: Use of the t distribution
Kennedee
Suppose that a random sample of 20 adults has a mean score of 64 on a standardized personality test, with a standard deviation of 6 . (A higher score indicates a more personable participant.) If we assume that scores on this test are normally distributed, find a confidence interval for the mean score of all takers of this test. Give the lower limit and upper limit of the confidence interval.
Carry your intermediate computations to at least three decimal places. Round your answers to one decimal place. (If necessary, consult a list of formulas.)
Lower limit:
Upper limit:

Ask by West Guzman. in the United States
Mar 27,2025

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Lower limit: 60.2
Upper limit: 67.8

Solución

Step 1. Identify the parameters
  • Sample size:
  • Sample mean:
  • Sample standard deviation:
  • Confidence level: (which gives a significance level )
  • Degrees of freedom:

Step 2. Find the t critical value
For a confidence interval, we need the critical value with and . Consulting a t-distribution table, we find

Step 3. Compute the standard error of the mean
The standard error (SE) is calculated as:
Calculating the square root:
so

Step 4. Calculate the margin of error
The margin of error (ME) is:

Step 5. Determine the confidence interval
The confidence interval for the population mean is given by:
Thus, the limits are:
Rounding to one decimal place:

Final Answer
Lower limit:
Upper limit:

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Beyond the Answer

To find the 99% confidence interval for the population mean, we’ll use the formula for the confidence interval with the t-distribution, since the sample size is small ( ). The formula is:
Where:
  • (sample mean)
  • (sample standard deviation)
  • (sample size)
  1. For a 99% confidence interval and degrees of freedom, the critical t-value (from the t-table) is approximately .
  2. Calculate the standard error (SE):
  3. Now, calculate the margin of error (ME):
  4. Finally, compute the confidence interval:
So, the final confidence interval is:
Lower limit:
Upper limit:

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