How did the migration of plants to land affect Earth's climate? Select all that apply. Photosynthesis removes $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ from the atmosphere, decreasing temperatures. Photosynthesis releases $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ into the atmosphere. increasing temperatures. Photosynthesis does not require $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ and therefore has no effect on temperature. Roots penetrated the ground. increasing the weathering of rocks trapping the $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$. decreasing temperatures.

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To analyze how the migration of plants to land affected Earth's climate, let's evaluate each statement:

1. **Photosynthesis removes $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ from the atmosphere, decreasing temperatures.**
   - This statement is true. Photosynthesis is a process where plants take in carbon dioxide ($$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$) and convert it into glucose and oxygen. By removing $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ from the atmosphere, it can lead to a decrease in greenhouse gases, which in turn can lower temperatures.

2. **Photosynthesis releases $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ into the atmosphere, increasing temperatures.**
   - This statement is false. Photosynthesis does not release $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$; instead, it consumes it. The process of respiration, which occurs in plants and animals, releases $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$, but this is not the same as photosynthesis.

3. **Photosynthesis does not require $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ and therefore has no effect on temperature.**
   - This statement is false. Photosynthesis directly requires $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ to produce glucose and oxygen. Therefore, it does have an effect on temperature by removing $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ from the atmosphere.

4. **Roots penetrated the ground, increasing the weathering of rocks trapping the $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$, decreasing temperatures.**
   - This statement is true. The roots of plants can enhance the weathering of rocks, which can lead to the sequestration of $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ in the form of carbonates. This process can also contribute to a decrease in atmospheric $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ levels, thereby potentially lowering temperatures.

### Summary of Correct Statements:
- Photosynthesis removes $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ from the atmosphere, decreasing temperatures.
- Roots penetrated the ground, increasing the weathering of rocks trapping the $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$, decreasing temperatures.

Thus, the correct answers are the first and fourth statements.
The migration of plants to land affected Earth's climate by removing $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ through photosynthesis, which decreased temperatures. Additionally, plant roots increased the weathering of rocks, trapping $$ \mathrm{CO}_{2} $$ and further lowering temperatures.

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