Pregunta
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The angle of elevation to the top of a building changes from \( 23^{\circ} \) to \( 46^{\circ} \) as an observer advances 155 feet toward the building. Find the height of the building, \( x \), to the nearest foot. The height of the building is approximately \( \square \) feet. (Do not round until the final answer. Then round to the nearest whole number as needed.)

Ask by Rojas Franklin. in the United States
Mar 11,2025

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The height of the building is approximately 111 feet.

Solución

Let \( d \) be the distance from the building when the angle of elevation is \( 23^{\circ} \). Then the building’s height \( x \) can be written as \[ x = d \tan(23^{\circ}). \] After advancing \( 155 \) feet toward the building, the new distance is \( d - 155 \) and the angle of elevation is now \( 46^{\circ} \), so \[ x = (d - 155) \tan(46^{\circ}). \] Since both expressions represent the height \( x \), we can equate them: \[ d \tan(23^{\circ}) = (d - 155) \tan(46^{\circ}). \] Solve for \( d \): 1. Distribute on the right side: \[ d \tan(23^{\circ}) = d \tan(46^{\circ}) - 155 \tan(46^{\circ}). \] 2. Rearrange terms to isolate \( d \): \[ d \tan(46^{\circ}) - d \tan(23^{\circ}) = 155 \tan(46^{\circ}), \] \[ d \Bigl(\tan(46^{\circ}) - \tan(23^{\circ})\Bigr) = 155 \tan(46^{\circ}). \] 3. Solve for \( d \): \[ d = \frac{155 \tan(46^{\circ})}{\tan(46^{\circ}) - \tan(23^{\circ})}. \] Now, substitute \( d \) back into the expression for \( x \): \[ x = d \tan(23^{\circ}) = \frac{155 \tan(46^{\circ}) \tan(23^{\circ})}{\tan(46^{\circ}) - \tan(23^{\circ})}. \] Using approximate values: \[ \tan(23^{\circ}) \approx 0.4245,\quad \tan(46^{\circ}) \approx 1.0355, \] we have \[ x \approx \frac{155 \times 1.0355 \times 0.4245}{1.0355 - 0.4245}. \] Compute the numerator: \[ 155 \times 1.0355 \times 0.4245 \approx 68.17, \] and the denominator: \[ 1.0355 - 0.4245 \approx 0.6110. \] Thus, \[ x \approx \frac{68.17}{0.6110} \approx 111.47. \] Rounding to the nearest whole number, the height of the building is approximately \[ 111 \text{ feet}. \]

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To find the height of the building, we can use trigonometric functions. Let's denote the height of the building as \( x \) and the distance from the observer to the base of the building before moving closer as \( d \). Using the tangent function for both angles: 1. For the angle of elevation \( 23^{\circ} \): \[ \tan(23^{\circ}) = \frac{x}{d} \quad \Rightarrow \quad x = d \cdot \tan(23^{\circ}) \] 2. For the angle of elevation \( 46^{\circ} \): \[ \tan(46^{\circ}) = \frac{x}{d - 155} \quad \Rightarrow \quad x = (d - 155) \cdot \tan(46^{\circ}) \] Now, we set the two expressions for \( x \) equal to each other: \[ d \cdot \tan(23^{\circ}) = (d - 155) \cdot \tan(46^{\circ}) \] Next, we can solve for \( d \): \[ d \cdot \tan(23^{\circ}) = d \cdot \tan(46^{\circ}) - 155 \cdot \tan(46^{\circ}) \] \[ d (\tan(46^{\circ}) - \tan(23^{\circ})) = 155 \cdot \tan(46^{\circ}) \] \[ d = \frac{155 \cdot \tan(46^{\circ})}{\tan(46^{\circ}) - \tan(23^{\circ})} \] Now we can substitute \( d \) back into one of the equations to get \( x \). Calculating \( \tan(23^{\circ}) \) and \( \tan(46^{\circ}) \): \[ \tan(23^{\circ}) \approx 0.4245, \quad \tan(46^{\circ}) \approx 1.0355 \] Substituting the values: \[ d = \frac{155 \cdot 1.0355}{1.0355 - 0.4245} = \frac{160.4975}{0.611} \approx 262.03 \text{ feet} \] Using \( d \) to find \( x \): \[ x = 262.03 \cdot \tan(23^{\circ}) \approx 262.03 \cdot 0.4245 \approx 111.44 \text{ feet} \] Thus, the height of the building is approximately \( 111 \) feet when rounded to the nearest whole number.

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