2) An ocean liner is travelling \( 18 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{h} \) due south. A passenger on the deck walks toward the rear of the ship at \( 3.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s} \).
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The Deep Dive
Did you know that the concept of relative velocity comes into play here? When the passenger walks toward the rear of the ship, their speed relative to the ocean liner and the water below makes for a fascinating calculation! You can find the passenger's speed relative to land by converting the speed of the ship into meters per second (which is \(5 \mathrm{~m/s}\)) and then subtracting the walking speed of the passenger. Now, combining velocities can be tricky if you don't account for direction! Remember, when adding or subtracting velocities, it's crucial to keep in mind the direction of each speed. So if the passenger walks at 3.0 m/s in the opposite direction of the ocean liner's motion, the net velocity relative to the shore is actually \(5 \mathrm{~m/s} - 3 \mathrm{~m/s} = 2 \mathrm{~m/s}\) due south!
