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QUESTION 6 Given the arithmetic series: \( -7-3+1+\cdots+173 \) 6.1 How many terms are there in the series? 6.2 Calculate the sum of the series. 6.3 Write the series in sigma notation.

Ask by Dunn Gibbs. in South Africa
Mar 10,2025

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There are 46 terms in the series. The sum of the series is 3,818. The series in sigma notation is \( \sum_{k=0}^{45} (-7 + 4k) \).

Solución

1. **Determine the common difference and first term:** The series is \[ -7,\, -3,\, 1,\, \dots,\, 173 \] The first term is \[ a = -7 \] and the common difference is \[ d = (-3) - (-7) = 4. \] 2. **Find the number of terms (\( n \)):** The general term of an arithmetic series is given by \[ a_n = a + (n-1)d. \] We know the last term is \[ a_n = 173. \] Substitute the known values: \[ -7 + (n-1) \cdot 4 = 173. \] Solve for \( n \): \[ \begin{aligned} 4(n-1) &= 173 + 7 \\ 4(n-1) &= 180 \\ n - 1 &= \frac{180}{4} = 45 \\ n &= 45 + 1 = 46. \end{aligned} \] There are thus \(\boxed{46}\) terms in the series. 3. **Calculate the sum of the series:** The sum of the first \( n \) terms of an arithmetic series is given by \[ S_n = \frac{n}{2}(a + L), \] where \( L \) is the last term. Substitute the values: \[ S_{46} = \frac{46}{2}(-7 + 173) = 23 \times 166. \] Compute the product: \[ 23 \times 166 = 3818. \] Thus, the sum of the series is \(\boxed{3818}\). 4. **Express the series in sigma notation:** The general term of the series can be written as \[ a_k = -7 + 4k, \quad \text{for } k = 0, 1, 2, \dots, 45. \] Therefore, the series in sigma notation is: \[ \sum_{k=0}^{45} \left(-7 + 4k\right). \]

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Bonus Knowledge

To find the number of terms in the series, first, note that this is an arithmetic series where the first term \(a = -7\) and the common difference \(d = -3 - (-7) = 4\). The general formula for the \(n\)-th term is given by: \[ a_n = a + (n-1)d \] Setting \(a_n = 173\) (the last term) and solving for \(n\): \[ 173 = -7 + (n-1) \cdot 4 \] \[ 173 + 7 = (n-1) \cdot 4 \] \[ 180 = (n-1) \cdot 4 \] \[ n-1 = 45 \quad \Rightarrow \quad n = 46 \] So, there are **46 terms** in the series. To calculate the sum of the series, use the formula for the sum of an arithmetic series, \(S_n = \frac{n}{2} (a + a_n)\): \[ S_{46} = \frac{46}{2} \cdot (-7 + 173) = 23 \cdot 166 = 3818 \] Thus, the **sum of the series** is **3818**. The sigma notation for the series can be written as: \[ \sum_{n=1}^{46} (-7 + (n-1) \cdot 4) \] This shifts each term in the series, capturing all terms from the first to the 46th in one neat package!

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