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There are two types of reactions in photosynthesis: light-dependent reactions and light- independent reactions. A group of biology students creates a set of devices that will automatically measure the rates of both types of reactions. The light-dependent reaction rate is tracked by the rate of water uptake in plants, and the light-independent reaction rate is tracked by the rate of carbon dioxide gas uptake in plants. The students decide to measure the rate of the light-dependent reactions at noon, when the light is brightest, in a sunny room. They measure the rate of the light-independent reactions at 8:00 p.m. in a dark room under very minimal lighting conditions. What is the most obvious critique of the students' experimental design? The light-independent reactions are dependent on the products of the light- dependent reactions which do not occur at night or under very low light conditions. The light-dependent reactions do not require water but rather carbon dioxide gas that is needed for carbon fixation. The presence of even very low light levels in the room will ensure that the light- independent reactions of photosynthesis will not happen. The rate of the light-dependent reactions will actually be greater earlier in the morning with more indirect light and milder temperatures. Ther Ther

Ask by Jimenez Lawson. in the United States
Feb 28,2025

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The students measured the light-independent reactions in a dark room at 8:00 p.m., but these reactions rely on products from the light-dependent reactions, which don't occur in the dark.

Solución

The critique is that the light-independent reactions (the Calvin cycle) depend on the substrates (ATP and NADPH) produced by the light‐dependent reactions, which obviously would not be occurring at 8:00 p.m. in a dark room with minimal light. In other words, measuring the rate of the light-independent reactions under conditions where the light-dependent reactions are not running invalidates the experimental setup. The correct answer is: "The light-independent reactions are dependent on the products of the light-dependent reactions which do not occur at night or under very low light conditions."

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The students overlooked a fundamental aspect of photosynthesis: light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) require the products generated during the light-dependent reactions, such as ATP and NADPH. By measuring these reactions at night, they missed the chance to observe a meaningful relationship between the two processes since the light-dependent reactions are not happening to supply the necessary energy and reducing power. For a fun twist, if these students want to experience the thrill of a science lab adventure like they see in movies, they could experiment with growing plants under different light conditions at various times of day! Imagine turning the classroom into a mini greenhouse, complete with colorful plants growing in response to their optimal lighting schedules and creating mini “Solar-Powered Plant Olympics”!

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