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\( \sum _ { k = 1 } ^ { \infty } \frac { 1 } { ( k + 1 ) ( k - 1 ) ! } , \quad S _ { n } = 1 - \frac { 1 } { ( n + 1 ) ! } \)

Ask by Clarke Lambert. in Costa Rica
Mar 12,2025

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The sum of the series is 1.

Solución

The limit of \( S_n \) as \( n \) approaches infinity is not directly calculable using the given expression. However, we can observe that the series is a telescoping series, where each term cancels out the previous term. Let's rewrite the series to see the telescoping pattern: \( \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{(k+1)(k-1)!} = \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \left( \frac{1}{k!} - \frac{1}{(k+1)!} \right) \) This series can be simplified by canceling out the terms: \( \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \left( \frac{1}{k!} - \frac{1}{(k+1)!} \right) = \left( \frac{1}{1!} - \frac{1}{2!} \right) + \left( \frac{1}{2!} - \frac{1}{3!} \right) + \left( \frac{1}{3!} - \frac{1}{4!} \right) + \ldots \) The terms cancel out, leaving only the first term \( \frac{1}{1!} \). Therefore, the sum of the series is \( \frac{1}{1!} = 1 \).

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The Deep Dive

Did you know that infinite series have a surprising connection to combinatorial numbers and concepts in probability? The series you presented resembles expressions encountered when calculating probabilities in certain stochastic processes, where factorials often describe permutations or combinations. This can lead to an unexpected delight in finding numerical results previously thought solely theoretical. If you’re looking to dive deeper into the world of series, combinatorial identities and generating functions can be fascinating avenues to explore. These mathematical tools are invaluable for simplifying and solving complex series. Books like "Generatingfunctionology" by Herbert Wilf offer great insights and a fun approach to understanding how these techniques intertwine with series and sequences, opening up a treasure trove of mathematical concepts!

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