xiv) \( \int \frac{6 \cos t}{(2+\operatorname{sen} t)^{3}} d t \quad \) xv) \( \int \sqrt{\frac{x-1}{x^{5}}} d x \quad \) xvi) \( \int \frac{t}{t^{2}+4} d t \) xvii) \( \int \frac{1}{x^{2}+4} d x \quad \) xviii) \( \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{4-x^{2}}} d x \)
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Beyond the Answer
Did you know that integrals have been studied since ancient times? Mathematicians like Archimedes paved the way for calculus by using geometric methods to find areas and volumes. The concept of integration began to take its modern form in the 17th century with the work of Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, who developed fundamental theorems linking differentiation and integration. This historical backdrop not only shows how this branch of mathematics evolved but also highlights its enduring relevance in solving real-world problems. In practical terms, integrals are invaluable in fields like physics and engineering. They help calculate quantities such as area under curves, center of mass, and even electrical charge distributions. Imagine needing to find the total distance traveled by a car given varying speeds over time; that’s where integrals come into play! Whether it's modeling population growth or analyzing waveforms in signal processing, mastering integral calculus opens doors to many exciting applications across various disciplines.
