b. Coordinates in an atlas index and given in degrees and seconds. c. A large scale map shows a large area of land. d. Ratio scale indicates scale on a line. c. World time is calculated from the International Date Line. 2. Examine the map of world time zones below. Choose the cortect word in italics. Times in p to the east of the Greenwich Meridian are later/earlierthe some. 3. How many time zones are there between South Africa and west Australia? 4. If it is 5 pm in the cast of South America, what time wall it be in western South America? 5. What is the time difference between South Africa and the central time zone in North America? 6. Why do countries adjust the shape of some time zones?

Let's break down the questions step by step: ### 1. Examine the map of world time zones below. Choose the correct word in italics. - **Question:** Times in _italics_ to the east of the Greenwich Meridian are later/earlier the same. - **Answer:** Times in **later** to the east of the Greenwich Meridian. This is because as you move east from the Prime Meridian (0° longitude), the time increases by one hour for each time zone. ### 2. How many time zones are there between South Africa and West Australia? - **Known Conditions:** - South Africa is in the South Africa Standard Time Zone (UTC+2). - Western Australia is primarily in the Australian Western Standard Time Zone (UTC+8). - **Calculation:** - The difference in time zones is \(8 - 2 = 6\). - **Answer:** There are **6 time zones** between South Africa and Western Australia. ### 3. If it is 5 PM in the east of South America, what time will it be in western South America? - **Known Conditions:** - Eastern South America (e.g., Brazil) is typically in the Brasília Time Zone (UTC-3). - Western South America (e.g., Peru) is in the Peru Time Zone (UTC-5). - **Calculation:** - The time difference is \(3 - 5 = -2\) hours. - Therefore, if it is 5 PM in the east, it will be \(5 PM - 2 hours = 3 PM\) in the west. - **Answer:** It will be **3 PM** in western South America. ### 4. What is the time difference between South Africa and the central time zone in North America? - **Known Conditions:** - South Africa is in the South Africa Standard Time Zone (UTC+2). - The Central Time Zone in North America is typically UTC-6. - **Calculation:** - The time difference is \(2 - (-6) = 2 + 6 = 8\) hours. - **Answer:** The time difference is **8 hours**. ### 5. Why do countries adjust the shape of some time zones? - **Answer:** Countries adjust the shape of some time zones to accommodate geographical, political, and social factors. This includes: - Aligning time zones with national borders. - Considering the distribution of population centers. - Facilitating trade and communication. - Addressing historical and cultural ties. This structured approach provides clear answers to each question based on the known conditions and logical reasoning.