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**8.1 Asymptotes**
- Vertical asymptote: \( x=2 \)
- Horizontal asymptote: \( y=1 \)
**8.2 Intercepts**
- \( x \)-intercept: \( (0,0) \)
- \( y \)-intercept: \( (0,0) \)
**8.3 Graph Sketch**
- Plot vertical asymptote at \( x=2 \) and horizontal asymptote at \( y=1 \).
- The graph has two branches:
- For \( x<2 \): \( h(x) \) approaches \(-\infty\) as \( x \) approaches 2 from the left.
- For \( x>2 \): \( h(x) \) approaches \(+\infty\) as \( x \) approaches 2 from the right.
- As \( x \to \pm\infty \), \( h(x) \) approaches 1.
- Plot the intercept at \( (0,0) \) and sketch the graph accordingly.
**8.4 Domain**
All real numbers except \( x=2 \):
\[
\{x \in \mathbb{R} \mid x \neq 2\}
\]
**8.5 Transformations**
- **8.5.1 \( f(x)=h(x+3) \):**
Shifts the graph of \( h \) left by 3 units.
- New vertical asymptote: \( x=-1 \)
- Horizontal asymptote remains \( y=1 \)
- **8.5.2 \( f(x)=h(x)-2 \):**
Shifts the graph of \( h \) down by 2 units.
- New horizontal asymptote: \( y=-1 \)
- Vertical asymptote remains \( x=2 \)
Solución
**8.1 Asymptotes**
- Vertical asymptote: The function is undefined when the denominator is zero, i.e., when
\[
x-2=0 \quad \Longrightarrow \quad x=2.
\]
- Horizontal asymptote: When \( x \) becomes very large (or very small), \(\frac{2}{x-2}\) tends to zero so that
\[
h(x) \to 0+1 = 1.
\]
Thus, the horizontal asymptote is \( y=1 \).
**8.2 \( x \)- and \( y \)-intercepts**
- \( x \)-intercept: Set \( h(x)=0 \) and solve for \( x \):
\[
\frac{2}{x-2}+1=0.
\]
Subtract 1 from both sides:
\[
\frac{2}{x-2}=-1.
\]
Multiply both sides by \((x-2)\) (noting \( x\neq2 \)):
\[
2=-\left(x-2\right).
\]
Simplify the right-hand side:
\[
2=-x+2.
\]
Subtract 2 from both sides:
\[
0=-x,
\]
so
\[
x=0.
\]
The \( x \)-intercept is at \( (0,0) \).
- \( y \)-intercept: Substitute \( x=0 \) into \( h(x) \):
\[
h(0)=\frac{2}{0-2}+1=\frac{2}{-2}+1=-1+1=0.
\]
The \( y \)-intercept is also at \( (0,0) \).
**8.3 Sketching the Graph**
- Plot the asymptotes: the vertical line \( x=2 \) and the horizontal line \( y=1 \).
- The intercept of the graph is at \( (0,0) \).
- The graph will have two branches separated by the vertical asymptote \( x=2 \):
- For \( x<2 \): as \( x \) approaches 2 from the left, \( h(x) \) goes to \(-\infty\).
- For \( x>2 \): as \( x \) approaches 2 from the right, \( h(x) \) goes to \(+\infty\).
- As \( x\to\pm\infty \), \( h(x) \to 1 \).
Plot these features on the coordinate grid.
**8.4 Domain**
The function \( h(x)=\frac{2}{x-2}+1 \) is defined for all real numbers except where the denominator is zero. Thus, the domain is:
\[
\{x\in\mathbb{R} \mid x\neq 2\}.
\]
**8.5 Transformations**
- **8.5.1 For \( f(x)=h(x+3) \):**
This represents a horizontal shift of the graph of \( h \) to the left by \( 3 \) units.
- The vertical asymptote shifts from \( x=2 \) to \( x+3=2 \) which gives \( x=-1 \).
- The horizontal asymptote remains \( y=1 \) since horizontal shifts do not affect it.
- **8.5.2 For \( f(x)=h(x)-2 \):**
This represents a vertical shift of the graph of \( h \) downward by \( 2 \) units.
- The horizontal asymptote shifts from \( y=1 \) to \( y=1-2=-1 \).
- The vertical asymptote remains \( x=2 \) because vertical shifts do not affect it.
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