5. Evaluate the indefinite integral. (Use \( C \) for the constant of integration.) \[ \int \frac{\sin (2 x)}{44+\cos ^{2}(x)} d x \]
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Bonus Knowledge
To evaluate the indefinite integral \[ \int \frac{\sin (2 x)}{44+\cos ^{2}(x)} d x, \] we can use the substitution \( u = \cos(x) \). We know that \[ \sin(2x) = 2\sin(x)\cos(x) = 2\sqrt{1-u^2}u, \] and the differential \( dx = -\frac{1}{\sin(x)} du = -\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-u^2}} du \). Therefore, our integral becomes: \[ \int \frac{2\sqrt{1-u^2}u}{44+u^2} \left(-\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-u^2}}\right) du = -2 \int \frac{u}{44+u^2} du. \] Now we can solve the integral: \[ -2 \left( \frac{1}{2} \ln |44 + u^2| + C \right) = - \ln |44 + u^2| + C. \] Returning to the original variable, we substitute back \( u = \cos(x) \): \[ -\ln |44 + \cos^2(x)| + C. \] Thus, the final result of the integral is: \[ -\ln |44 + \cos^2(x)| + C. \]
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