2.3.2 The Kalahari High Pressure is weakly developed. Account for its weak development. \( (1 \times 1) \) (1) 2.3.3 Using evidence from the synoptic map, explain the formation of the thunderstorm illustrated by FIGURE 2.3. \( (1 \times 2) \) (2) 2.3.4 Name the cloud type that is associated with the thunderstorm illustrated by FIGURE 2.3. \( (1 \times 1) \) (1) 2.3.5 State the name of the formation that is formed by the north easterly and south easterly winds. ( \( 1 \times 1 \) ) (1) 2.3.6 Describe the type of weather associated with the thunderstorm illustrated by FIGURE 2.3. \( (3 \times 1) \) (3) 2.3.7 Briefly explain some of the positive impacts the thunderstorm illustrated by FIGURE 2.3 will have on farming in the interior of South Africa. \( (3 \times 2) \) (6) (15)

Let's break down the questions one by one, providing detailed answers based on the information typically associated with meteorological phenomena, particularly in the context of the Kalahari High Pressure and thunderstorms. ### 2.3.2 Weak Development of the Kalahari High Pressure The Kalahari High Pressure is weakly developed due to several factors: - **Seasonal Variability**: The Kalahari High Pressure typically weakens during the summer months when the land heats up, leading to lower pressure systems developing over land. - **Influence of Surrounding Systems**: The presence of other weather systems, such as low-pressure systems or tropical disturbances, can disrupt the stability of the high-pressure area. - **Topography**: The geographical features of the Kalahari region, including its flat terrain, can lead to less pronounced high-pressure systems compared to areas with more varied topography. ### 2.3.3 Formation of Thunderstorm The formation of thunderstorms, as illustrated in FIGURE 2.3, can be explained as follows: - **Convergence of Air Masses**: The interaction between warm, moist air from the southeast and cooler, drier air from the northeast can lead to instability in the atmosphere. - **Rising Air**: As the warm air rises, it cools and condenses, forming cumulonimbus clouds, which are characteristic of thunderstorms. - **Development of Updrafts**: The rising air creates strong updrafts, which can lead to the development of thunderstorm cells. ### 2.3.4 Cloud Type Associated with Thunderstorm The cloud type associated with the thunderstorm illustrated by FIGURE 2.3 is **Cumulonimbus**. These clouds are tall, dense, and associated with severe weather, including thunderstorms. ### 2.3.5 Formation from North Easterly and South Easterly Winds The formation created by the interaction of the north-easterly and south-easterly winds is known as a **Convergence Zone**. This zone is where the two air masses meet, leading to rising air and potential storm development. ### 2.3.6 Weather Associated with Thunderstorm The type of weather associated with the thunderstorm illustrated by FIGURE 2.3 includes: - **Heavy Rainfall**: Thunderstorms often produce intense rainfall over a short period. - **Strong Winds**: Gusty winds can accompany thunderstorms, sometimes leading to damaging conditions. - **Lightning and Thunder**: The electrical activity within the storm leads to lightning strikes and the sound of thunder. ### 2.3.7 Positive Impacts of Thunderstorm on Farming The positive impacts of the thunderstorm illustrated by FIGURE 2.3 on farming in the interior of South Africa include: - **Soil Moisture**: The rainfall from thunderstorms can significantly increase soil moisture, which is beneficial for crop growth. - **Water Supply**: Thunderstorms can replenish water supplies in reservoirs and aquifers, essential for irrigation. - **Nutrient Distribution**: Rain can help distribute nutrients in the soil, enhancing soil fertility and promoting better crop yields. These answers provide a comprehensive overview of the questions related to the Kalahari High Pressure and thunderstorms, focusing on meteorological principles and their implications for agriculture.