(c). \( y^{\prime}=y^{2}+x \quad ; \quad(d) \cdot y^{\prime \prime}+\sin (x) y=e^{x} \) (e) \( \frac{d^{2} y}{d x^{2}}+x \frac{d y}{d x}+y=0 \)
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The equation \( y^{\prime}=y^{2}+x \) is a first-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation. Such equations often arise in real-world situations such as population dynamics where growth can be influenced by existing population levels. To find solutions, techniques include separation of variables or numerical methods, especially for complex forms where analytical solutions may be elusive! The second equation \( y^{\prime \prime}+\sin (x) y=e^{x} \) is a second-order linear non-homogeneous differential equation. These types of equations are frequently used in physics, particularly in oscillation problems, where forces like gravity can create complex behaviors. The most effective strategy for solving such equations involves finding the complementary function and a particular solution, using methods like variation of parameters or the undetermined coefficients technique!
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