Southern Hemisphere and answer the questions that follow. 1.3.1 Define the term aspect. (1 \( \times 1 \) ) 1.3.2 What evidence suggests that this valley is situated in the Southern Hemisphere? \( (1 \times 1) \) 1.3.3 Explain why area \( \mathbf{A} \) is referred to as the shadow zone. \( (1 \times 2) \) 1.3.4 Explain how wind B will develop during the day. \( (2 \times 2) \) 1.3.5 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, give advice to a farmer on how to plan the usage of the land at place \( \mathbf{C} \) and place \( \mathbf{D} \) effectively, taking into account the influence of aspect and resultant winds. \( (4 \times 2) \)

Let's address each question step by step. ### 1.3.1 Define the term aspect. **Aspect** refers to the direction in which a slope faces. It is an important factor in determining the amount of sunlight an area receives, which can influence temperature, moisture levels, and vegetation types. ### 1.3.2 What evidence suggests that this valley is situated in the Southern Hemisphere? Evidence that suggests the valley is situated in the Southern Hemisphere may include: - The position of the sun in the sky, which is generally to the north during the day in the Southern Hemisphere. - The types of vegetation or wildlife that are characteristic of the Southern Hemisphere. - The orientation of the valley and its slopes, which may receive different sunlight exposure compared to similar valleys in the Northern Hemisphere. ### 1.3.3 Explain why area \( \mathbf{A} \) is referred to as the shadow zone. Area \( \mathbf{A} \) is referred to as the shadow zone because it is likely located in a position where it receives little to no direct sunlight due to surrounding topography, such as mountains or hills. This lack of sunlight can result in cooler temperatures and reduced evaporation, leading to different ecological conditions compared to areas that receive full sunlight. ### 1.3.4 Explain how wind B will develop during the day. Wind B will develop during the day due to the differential heating of the land and water bodies. As the sun rises, land areas heat up more quickly than water bodies, creating a temperature gradient. The warm air over the land rises, creating a low-pressure area, while cooler air over the water moves in to replace it, resulting in a breeze from the water towards the land. This phenomenon is known as a sea breeze. ### 1.3.5 Advice to a farmer on how to plan the usage of the land at place \( \mathbf{C} \) and place \( \mathbf{D} \) effectively, taking into account the influence of aspect and resultant winds. When planning the usage of land at places \( \mathbf{C} \) and \( \mathbf{D} \), it is essential to consider the aspect and the prevailing winds. Place \( \mathbf{C} \), which may have a southern aspect, will receive less sunlight and may be cooler, making it suitable for crops that thrive in cooler conditions or for livestock grazing during hotter months. In contrast, place \( \mathbf{D} \), with a northern aspect, will receive more sunlight, making it ideal for growing sun-loving crops such as tomatoes or peppers. Additionally, the winds, particularly the sea breeze during the day, can help in cooling the crops at place \( \mathbf{D} \), reducing heat stress. It is advisable to plant windbreaks or trees around place \( \mathbf{C} \) to protect against strong winds, which can help retain moisture and improve microclimate conditions. Overall, understanding the local climate and wind patterns will enable the farmer to optimize crop yields and land usage effectively.