Question \#12 of 23 What allows state and local governments to enforce controls over the use of privately held land? A) Police power B) Comprehensive plans C) Congress D) Zoning

\( \textbf{Step 1: Understand the Concept} \) State and local governments have the inherent authority known as the "police power." This power enables them to regulate private property usage in order to protect the health, safety, and general welfare of the public. It is the basis for the enforcement of zoning laws and land-use controls. \( \textbf{Step 2: Analyzing the Options} \) - \( \textbf{A) Police power} \) – This is the inherent authority that allows governments to enforce land-use regulations. - \( \textbf{B) Comprehensive plans} \) – While these plans guide development, they do not provide the legal authority for enforcement. - \( \textbf{C) Congress} \) – Congress has limited authority in land use under the U.S. Constitution, and local land-use controls are primarily a state and local matter. - \( \textbf{D) Zoning} \) – Zoning is a tool used under the police power, but it is not the authority itself. \( \textbf{Step 3: Conclusion} \) The correct answer is: \( \boxed{A \text{ (Police power)}} \)