Pregunta
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Sketch a graph of the following function that satisfies all the conditions. Make sure you label your axis. Show work in WRITTEN WORK! \[ \begin{array}{l}\lim _{x \rightarrow 3^{+}} f(x)=4, \lim _{x \rightarrow 3^{-}} f(x)=2, \quad \lim _{x \rightarrow-2^{2}} f(x)=2, \\ f(3)=3, \quad f(-2)=1\end{array} \]

Ask by Ball Coles. in the United States
Mar 19,2025

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To sketch the graph: 1. **At \( x = -2 \):** - Open circle at \((-2, 2)\) (limit from both sides). - Solid dot at \((-2, 1)\) (function value). 2. **At \( x = 3 \):** - Open circle at \((3, 2)\) (left limit). - Open circle at \((3, 4)\) (right limit). - Solid dot at \((3, 3)\) (function value). 3. **Between \( x = -2 \) and \( x = 3 \):** - Draw a smooth curve approaching \((-2, 2)\) from the left. - The curve should approach \((3, 2)\) from the left and \((3, 4)\) from the right. 4. **Beyond \( x = 3 \):** - Continue the curve based on the function's behavior. Label the \(x\)-axis with \(-2\) and \(3\), and the \(y\)-axis with \(1\), \(2\), \(3\), and \(4\).

Solución

**Step 1. Identify the key features from the limits and function values.** - At \( x=3 \): - The left‐hand limit is \(\displaystyle \lim_{x\to3^-}f(x)=2\). - The right‐hand limit is \(\displaystyle \lim_{x\to3^+}f(x)=4\). - The actual function value is \(f(3)=3\). This tells us that as \( x \) approaches 3 from the left the graph approaches the point \((3,2)\) (with an open circle there) and as \( x \) approaches 3 from the right the graph approaches the point \((3,4)\) (again an open circle). However, the graph is defined at \( x=3 \) by the point \((3,3)\) (a solid dot). - At \( x=-2 \): - The notation \(\lim_{x\rightarrow -2^{2}} f(x)=2\) is understood here as the limit of \(f(x)\) as \( x \) approaches \(-2\) is \(2\); in other words, \(\lim_{x\to-2}f(x)=2\). - The function value is \(f(-2)=1\). Thus, as \(x\) nears \(-2\) (from both sides) the value of \(f(x)\) tends to \(2\) (open circle at \((-2,2)\)), but the point on the graph at \(x=-2\) is given by the solid dot at \((-2,1)\). --- **Step 2. Sketching the Graph Piecewise** 1. **For \(x<-2\) and in an interval around \(-2\):** We can imagine that the graph is drawn as a continuous curve except at \(x=-2\). - As the graph nears \(x=-2\) from either side, it gets closer to \(y=2\). - At \(x=-2\) there is a hole at the point \((-2,2)\) (because \(\lim_{x\to-2}f(x)=2\)) and a filled dot at \((-2,1)\) (because \(f(-2)=1\)). 2. **For values of \(x\) near 3:** Again, assume the function is drawn continuously everywhere else except at \(x=3\). - As \(x\) approaches 3 from the left, the curve approaches the point \((3,2)\); mark an open circle at \((3,2)\). - As \(x\) approaches 3 from the right, the curve approaches the point \((3,4)\); mark an open circle at \((3,4)\). - At \(x=3\) the function is defined to be \(3\), so plot a solid dot at \((3,3)\). 3. **Connecting the Pieces:** You can join the parts of the graph with smooth curves (or linear segments, if preferred) ensuring that: - The part of the graph coming from the left of \(x=-2\) smoothly approaches \((-2,2)\) even though the function is defined to have a different value at \(x=-2\). - Similarly, around \(x=3\) the parts of the graph on the left and right approach their respective limits (2 and 4) with a jump discontinuity, while a solid point is placed at \((3,3)\) for the function’s defined value. --- **Step 3. Labeling the Axes and Annotating Key Points** - Draw the horizontal line (the \(x\)-axis) and the vertical line (the \(y\)-axis); label them accordingly. - Mark the key \(x\)-values, in particular \(x=-2\) and \(x=3\). - On the \(y\)-axis, label the values \(1\), \(2\), \(3\), and \(4\) (since these are the key values in the problem). - At \(x=-2\): - Mark an open circle at \((-2,2)\). - Mark a filled dot at \((-2,1)\). - At \(x=3\): - Mark an open circle at \((3,2)\) (coming from the left). - Mark an open circle at \((3,4)\) (coming from the right). - Mark a filled dot at \((3,3)\). --- **Step 4. Final Graph Description** - **Left of \(x=-2\):** Sketch a smooth curve that approaches the point \((-2,2)\) as \(x\) nears \(-2\) from both sides. - **At \(x=-2\):** - Put an open circle at \((-2,2)\). - Plot a solid dot at \((-2,1)\) to show the defined value. - **Between \(x=-2\) and \(x=3\):** Have the graph continue (in a manner of your choice, e.g., a smooth curve or a piecewise linear function) but arranged so that as \(x\) approaches \(3\) from the left the curve goes toward \((3,2)\). - **At \(x=3\):** - Mark an open circle at \((3,2)\) indicating \(\lim_{x\to3^-}f(x)=2\). - Mark an open circle at \((3,4)\) indicating \(\lim_{x\to3^+}f(x)=4\). - Plot the point \((3,3)\) as a solid dot to indicate \(f(3)=3\). - **Right of \(x=3\):** Sketch the graph such that as \(x\) increases just past 3, the curve goes toward \((3,4)\) and continues further from that value. This graph reflects all the given conditions with properly labeled axes.

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Extra Insights

To sketch the graph of the function \( f(x) \) based on the provided limits and function values, let’s analyze the conditions step by step: 1. **Limits at \( x = 3 \)**: - From the right (\(3^{+}\)), \( \lim_{x \rightarrow 3^{+}} f(x) = 4 \). - From the left (\(3^{-}\)), \( \lim_{x \rightarrow 3^{-}} f(x) = 2 \). - The actual value at \( x = 3 \) is \( f(3) = 3 \). - This indicates that there is a jump discontinuity at \( x = 3 \). 2. **Limits at \( x = -2 \)**: - The limit as \( x \) approaches \(-2\) is \( \lim_{x \rightarrow -2} f(x) = 2 \). - The actual value at \( x = -2 \) is \( f(-2) = 1 \). - This indicates another jump discontinuity at \( x = -2 \). Now, we have enough information to sketch the graph: **Axes**: - Label the x-axis and y-axis. Let's use \( y \) for \( f(x) \) on the vertical axis and \( x \) on the horizontal axis. **Plotting Points**: 1. At \( x = 3 \): - Mark the point \( (3, 3) \) with a closed dot since \( f(3) = 3 \). - Draw a dotted vertical line as \( x \) approaches 3 from the left (where \( f(x) \) approaches 2). - Draw another dotted vertical line as \( x \) approaches 3 from the right (where \( f(x) \) approaches 4). 2. At \( x = -2 \): - Mark the point \( (-2, 1) \) with a closed dot since \( f(-2) = 1 \). - Draw a horizontal line approaching \( y = 2 \) from both sides of \( x = -2 \), indicating that the limit exists but the function value does not equal the limit. **Connecting the Dots**: - On the left side of \( x = -2 \), the graph can approach \( y = 2 \) from below as \( x \) approaches -2. - After \( x = -2 \), the graph can jump to \( y = 1 \) at \( (-2, 1) \) and connect to the left side until it reaches \( x = 3 \). - After \( x = 3 \), connect the graph upwards to \( y = 4 \) smoothly (around 2 at the right of \( x = 3 \)). Based on this description, the resulting sketch should illustrate the jumps and connection between points clearly labeled according to function values and limits. This graph fulfills all the conditions described above!

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