21 Define the term democratic participation and indicate thyy \( t \) is important for citizens to be consuted when laws are made. (2) 22 State reasons why citizens of a country should takes pat in elections, as a civic duty. (4) 23 Indicate the importance of lobbying government when services are not rendered as promised 12 2.4 Clanify why citizens should ensure that government is atriays held accountable for its service delivery function. 2.5 Explain why the principle of rule of law must atvays be upheid in a democratic society.

Below are sample answers for each question: ────────────────────────────── 21. Democratic participation refers to the active involvement of citizens in decision-making processes, including debates and consultations on policies and laws. It is important for citizens to be consulted when laws are made because such inclusion helps ensure that the laws reflect the diverse interests and needs of the community, thereby increasing legitimacy, transparency, and public support for those laws.  [2 marks] ────────────────────────────── 22. Citizens should take part in elections as a civic duty for several reasons:  • It is a fundamental right that allows individuals to voice their opinions and preferences regarding how the country is run.  • Voting helps choose leaders who will represent their interests and address community issues.  • Participation in elections strengthens democratic governance by keeping leaders accountable.  • Frequent electoral involvement promotes political stability and fosters an engaged and informed society.   [4 marks] ────────────────────────────── 23. Lobbying the government when promised services are not rendered is important because:  • It provides a structured way for citizens to raise concerns and seek redress.  • Through lobbying, citizens can urge the government to improve service delivery and meet its commitments.  • This process can lead to policy review or corrective actions when government performance falls short.   [Marks depend on answer depth, typically 2 marks] ────────────────────────────── 2.4. Citizens should ensure that the government is always held accountable for its service delivery functions because:  • Accountability motivates the government to use resources efficiently and transparently.  • It helps prevent corruption and mismanagement of public funds.  • When services are delivered effectively, citizens’ rights and well-being are protected.  • An accountable government can quickly address and rectify shortcomings, maintaining public trust.   [Typically 2 marks] ────────────────────────────── 2.5. The principle of the rule of law must always be upheld in a democratic society because:  • It ensures that all individuals, including those in power, are subject to the same legal standards.  • Upholding the rule of law protects citizens’ rights and liberties by preventing arbitrary decision-making.  • It promotes fairness and justice, thereby enhancing public confidence in government institutions.  • A strong rule of law framework is essential for political stability and social order.   [Typically 2 marks] ────────────────────────────── Each answer is succinctly designed to cover the key ideas required for the marks available.