Pregunta
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The one-to-one function \( g \) is defined below. \( g(x)=\frac{4 x}{5 x-9} \) Find \( g^{-1}(x) \), where \( g^{-1} \) is the inverse of \( g \). Also state the domain and range of \( g^{-1} \) in interval notation. Domain of \( g^{-1} \) Range of \( g^{-1}(x)= \)

Ask by Nguyen Bowman. in the United States
Mar 19,2025

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The inverse function is \( g^{-1}(x) = \frac{9x}{5x - 4} \). The domain of \( g^{-1} \) is all real numbers except \( x = \frac{4}{5} \), which is \( (-\infty, \frac{4}{5}) \cup (\frac{4}{5}, \infty) \). The range of \( g^{-1} \) is all real numbers except \( y = \frac{9}{5} \), which is \( (-\infty, \frac{9}{5}) \cup (\frac{9}{5}, \infty) \).

Solución

Let \( g(x)=\frac{4x}{5x-9} \). To find \( g^{-1}(x) \), we start by writing \[ y=\frac{4x}{5x-9}. \] Then, we proceed with the following steps: 1. Multiply both sides by the denominator \((5x-9)\): \[ y(5x-9)=4x. \] 2. Distribute \( y \) on the left-hand side: \[ 5xy-9y=4x. \] 3. Move the term containing \( x \) on the right-hand side: \[ 5xy-4x=9y. \] 4. Factor \( x \) on the left-hand side: \[ x(5y-4)=9y. \] 5. Solve for \( x \) by dividing both sides by \( (5y-4) \): \[ x=\frac{9y}{5y-4}. \] Now, swap \( x \) and \( y \) to obtain the inverse function: \[ g^{-1}(x)=\frac{9x}{5x-4}. \] Next, we determine the domain and range of \( g^{-1}(x) \). **Domain of \( g^{-1} \):** The domain of \( g^{-1}(x) \) consists of all \( x \) for which the expression is defined. The denominator \( 5x-4 \) cannot be zero: \[ 5x-4\neq 0 \quad \Longrightarrow \quad x\neq \frac{4}{5}. \] Thus, the domain of \( g^{-1}(x) \) in interval notation is: \[ (-\infty, \frac{4}{5})\cup(\frac{4}{5}, \infty). \] **Range of \( g^{-1} \):** The range of \( g^{-1} \) is the domain of the original function \( g(x) \). Since \[ g(x)=\frac{4x}{5x-9} \] has a denominator \( 5x-9 \) that cannot be zero: \[ 5x-9\neq 0 \quad \Longrightarrow \quad x\neq \frac{9}{5}, \] the domain of \( g(x) \) (and hence the range of \( g^{-1} \)) is: \[ (-\infty, \frac{9}{5})\cup(\frac{9}{5}, \infty). \] Thus, the final answers are: \[ g^{-1}(x)=\frac{9x}{5x-4}, \] Domain of \( g^{-1} \): \( (-\infty, \frac{4}{5})\cup(\frac{4}{5}, \infty) \), \\ Range of \( g^{-1} \): \( (-\infty, \frac{9}{5})\cup(\frac{9}{5}, \infty) \).

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The Deep Dive

To find the inverse function \( g^{-1}(x) \) of \( g(x) = \frac{4x}{5x - 9} \), we first set \( g(x) = y \): \[ y = \frac{4x}{5x - 9} \] Next, we swap \( x \) and \( y \) to find the inverse: \[ x = \frac{4y}{5y - 9} \] Now we solve for \( y \): 1. Multiply both sides by \( 5y - 9 \): \[ x(5y - 9) = 4y \] 2. Expand: \[ 5xy - 9x = 4y \] 3. Rearrange to isolate \( y \): \[ 5xy - 4y = 9x \] 4. Factor out \( y \): \[ y(5x - 4) = 9x \] 5. Solve for \( y \): \[ y = \frac{9x}{5x - 4} \] Thus, the inverse function is: \[ g^{-1}(x) = \frac{9x}{5x - 4} \] Now, to find the domain and range of \( g^{-1} \): - The domain of \( g^{-1} \) is the set of all possible outputs from \( g \). Since \( g \) is a rational function and is one-to-one, its range can be calculated. In \( g(x) \), the term \( 5x - 9 \) cannot equal zero, hence \( 5x \neq 9 \) or \( x \neq \frac{9}{5} \). The output \( g(x) \) approaches but never reaches \( \frac{4}{5} \) as \( x \to +\infty \) or \( x \to -\infty \). Thus: Domain of \( g^{-1} = (-\infty, \frac{4}{5}) \cup (\frac{4}{5}, +\infty) \] - The range of \( g^{-1} \) corresponds to the original function's domain, which must also exclude the point that makes \( 5x - 9 = 0 \). Hence: Range of \( g^{-1}(x) = (-\infty, \frac{9}{5}) \cup (\frac{9}{5}, +\infty) \]

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