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343. Два вертикальных сообщающихся сосуда, площа- ди поперечных сечений которых \( S_{1}=S_{2}=20 \) см \( ^{2} \), заполне- ны маслом \( \left(\rho=0,90 \frac{\Gamma}{\text { см }^{3}}\right) \) и закрыты подвижными порш- нями с массами \( m_{1}=100 \) г и \( m_{2}=172 \) г. Определите, на сколько уровень жидкости в первом сосуде выше, чем во втором.

Ask by Simmons Mills. in Belarus
Mar 19,2025

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Уровень жидкости в первом сосуде выше, чем во втором, на 4 см.

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The Deep Dive

Чтобы решить задачу, применим принцип равновесия. Вес поршеней равен давлению, создаваемому столбом масла в каждом сосуде. Вес первого поршня: \( F_{1} = m_{1} \cdot g = 0.1 \, \text{кг} \cdot 9.81 \, \text{м/с}^{2} = 0.981 \, \text{Н} \) Вес второго поршня: \( F_{2} = m_{2} \cdot g = 0.172 \, \text{кг} \cdot 9.81 \, \text{м/с}^{2} = 1.684 \, \text{Н} \) Теперь находим давление, создаваемое поршнями. Давление, создаваемое поршнями, равно весу, деленному на площадь сечения: Давление от первого поршня: \( P_{1} = \frac{F_{1}}{S_{1}} = \frac{0.981 \, \text{Н}}{0.002 \, \text{м}^{2}} = 490.5 \, \text{Па} \) Давление от второго поршня: \( P_{2} = \frac{F_{2}}{S_{2}} = \frac{1.684 \, \text{Н}}{0.002 \, \text{м}^{2}} = 842.0 \, \text{Па} \) Теперь приравниваем давления, обнаружим разность, и затем найдём разницу в уровнях жидкости. Разница давления: \( P_{2} - P_{1} = 842.0 \, \text{Па} - 490.5 \, \text{Па} = 351.5 \, \text{Па} \) Теперь ищем изменение уровня жидкости \( h \): \( P = \rho \cdot g \cdot h \) Подставляем известные значения: \( 351.5 = 900 \cdot 9.81 \cdot h \) Найдем \( h \): \( h = \frac{351.5}{900 \cdot 9.81} \approx 0.0399 \, \text{м} \approx 3.99 \, \text{см} \) Таким образом, уровень жидкости в первом сосуде выше, чем во втором, на примерно 3.99 см.

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