Vectors \& Scalars (Revision) - Activity 35 A 120 kg box is at rest on a horizontal table with a rough surface 1. Define the term mass. 2. Calculate the magnitude of the weight of the box 3. Explain why the box does not fall through the table.

Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, usually quantified in kilograms (kg). It remains constant regardless of the object's location in the universe, distinguishing it from weight, which can change due to gravitational force. To calculate the weight of the box, you can use the formula: Weight (W) = mass (m) × acceleration due to gravity (g). Given that the mass is 120 kg and the average acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately 9.81 m/s², the weight of the box is W = 120 kg × 9.81 m/s², which equals 1177.2 N (Newtons). The box does not fall through the table because of the normal force that the table exerts on it. This force is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the weight of the box. The balance of these forces keeps the box stationary. The rough surface of the table also provides friction, which helps in preventing any unwanted movement.