1. Mention TWO factors that might be affecting the self- development and mental health of South African teenagers. .2. How can positive affirmations and supporlive environments in \( (2 \times \) families, schools, and communities help leenagers overcome challenges and build self-confidence?

1. **Factors affecting self-development and mental health:** - **Socioeconomic challenges:** South African teenagers often face issues related to poverty and unemployment. Limited economic resources can lead to stress, reduced access to quality education and healthcare, and fewer opportunities for extracurricular development. - **Exposure to violence and family instability:** High rates of crime, community violence, or family conflicts (such as domestic violence or parental separation) can contribute to emotional distress, lower self-esteem, and long-term mental health challenges. 2. **Role of positive affirmations and supportive environments:** - **Building self-confidence through positive affirmations:** When teenagers regularly hear affirming messages such as \[ \text{"You are capable and valued."} \] these positive statements help counteract negative self-beliefs and promote a stronger sense of identity. Such affirmations can serve as reminders that their worth is independent of external challenges. - **Impact of supportive environments in families, schools, and communities:** Creating nurturing environments means that teenagers have safe spaces where their ideas and feelings are respected. In \(2 \times\) (i.e., families, schools, and communities), supportive interactions provide: - **Emotional security:** Knowing that there is a dependable network of support encourages teens to share their struggles and seek help when needed. - **Role models and mentors:** Guidance from parents, teachers, and community leaders fosters resilience. These figures demonstrate coping mechanisms and positive behaviors that teens can emulate. - **Opportunities for growth:** Engagement in structured activities, clubs, or community projects promotes skill development and reinforces a sense of accomplishment, which is crucial for self-development. Together, positive affirmations and supportive environments enhance self-worth and empower teenagers to overcome challenges, paving the way for healthier mental development.