12-Explain Kinetic energy, and write down the formula? What do the letters

Kinetic energy is the energy that an object possesses due to its motion. It is a scalar quantity, meaning it has magnitude but no direction. The kinetic energy of an object depends on its mass and the speed at which it is moving. The formula for kinetic energy (KE) is given by: \[ KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 \] Where: - \( KE \) = Kinetic energy - \( m \) = Mass of the object (in kilograms) - \( v \) = Velocity of the object (in meters per second) In this formula: - The factor \( \frac{1}{2} \) is a constant that arises from the integration of the work done on the object to accelerate it from rest to its current speed. - The mass \( m \) indicates how much matter is in the object, and the velocity \( v \) indicates how fast the object is moving. The square of the velocity shows that kinetic energy increases with the square of the speed, meaning that if the speed doubles, the kinetic energy increases by a factor of four.