(f) Given: \( f(x)=\log _{p} x \) and \( g(x)=-3 x+6 \) (1) Show that \( p=3 \) if the graph of \( f \) passes through the point \( (9 ; 2) \). (2) Sketch the graphs of \( y=f^{-1}(x) \) and \( y=g(x) \) on the same set of axes. Indicate the intercepts with the axes and the point of intersection of both graphs. (3) Determine graphically the solution of the equation \( \frac{1}{3} f^{-1}(x)=2-x \). (4) Write down the domain of \( f \).
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The Deep Dive
To show that \( p=3 \) when the point \( (9; 2) \) is on the graph of \( f \), we can substitute the values into the function: \[ f(x) = \log_{p} x \Rightarrow f(9) = \log_{p} 9 = 2. \] This implies \( 9 = p^2 \). Hence, taking the square root, we find \( p = 3 \) (since the base must be positive). For the graphs, \( y = f^{-1}(x) \) is found by flipping the axes of \( y = f(x) \). Thus, it becomes \( x = \log_{p} y \). Converting gives \( y = p^x \). With \( p = 3 \), we have \( y = 3^x \). The linear function \( g(x) = -3x + 6 \) intersects the \( y \)-axis at (0,6) and the \( x \)-axis at (2,0). To find where they intersect, set \( 3^x = -3x + 6 \). To solve \( \frac{1}{3} f^{-1}(x) = 2-x \) graphically, first plot \( y = \frac{1}{3}(3^x) \) and \( y = 2 - x \) then find their intersection points. The domain of \( f(x) = \log_{p} x \) is \( x > 0 \) because logarithms are only defined for positive numbers.
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