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(a) The horizontal asymptote is \( y = 2 \).
(b) The graph of \( h(x) = -2 \cdot 3^x + 2 \) is a decreasing exponential curve that approaches \( y = 2 \) as \( x \) decreases, passes through the points (0, 0) and (1, -4), and extends to negative infinity as \( x \) increases.
(c) The range of \( h(x) \) is all real numbers less than 2, i.e., \( (-\infty, 2) \).
(d) The domain of \( h(x) \) is all real numbers, \( (-\infty, \infty) \).
(e) \( h(x) \geq -16 \) when \( x \leq 2 \).
(f) (Incomplete)
Solución
We are given the function
h(x) = –2·3ˣ + 2
and asked to answer several parts. (Note: In the expression h(x) = –2.3ˣ + 2 the “–2” is a factor multiplying 3ˣ.) Let’s go through the parts one by one.
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Part (a): Equation of the Horizontal Asymptote
For exponential functions of the form h(x) = A·3ˣ + k the horizontal asymptote is y = k provided the exponential term tends to zero in one direction. In our function
h(x) = –2·3ˣ + 2,
as x → –∞, we have 3ˣ → 0 so h(x) → –2·0 + 2 = 2.
Thus, the horizontal asymptote is
y = 2.
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Part (b): Sketching the Graph of h(x)
To sketch the graph of h(x) = –2·3ˣ + 2, consider these key points and features:
1. Horizontal Asymptote: y = 2.
2. y-intercept: Set x = 0.
h(0) = –2·3⁰ + 2 = –2·1 + 2 = 0.
So the graph passes through (0, 0).
3. Behavior as x → ∞: When x increases, 3ˣ grows rapidly. Multiplying by –2 makes the term very large in magnitude but negative. Thus,
h(x) → –∞.
4. Behavior as x → –∞: As mentioned, 3ˣ → 0 so
h(x) → 2.
The graph approaches the line y = 2 from below or above depending on the transformation. Here, note that for x very negative, 3ˣ is positive but very small; then –2·(small positive) is very small and negative, so h(x) is just a little less than 2. (In fact, h(x) = 2 – (a small positive number).)
5. Additional point: It’s often good to have another point. Let x = 1:
h(1) = –2·3¹ + 2 = –6 + 2 = –4.
So (1, –4) is on the graph.
When drawing the graph:
• Start with the horizontal asymptote y = 2.
• Plot the point (0, 0) and (1, –4).
• Notice the curve is decreasing because the factor –2 makes the exponential function “flip” vertically.
• As x increases, the function falls steeply toward –∞.
• As x decreases, the curve approaches y = 2 without ever touching it.
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Part (c): Finding the Range of h(x)
Because 3ˣ is always positive (for every real x, 3ˣ > 0) and –2·3ˣ is always negative, h(x) is always less than 2. In detail:
– For any real x, 3ˣ > 0 ⇒ –2·3ˣ < 0;
– Thus, h(x) = 2 + (a negative number) < 2.
Also, as x → ∞, h(x) → –∞.
Therefore, the range is all y‐values strictly less than 2. That is,
Range: (–∞, 2).
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Part (d): Finding the Domain of h(x)
The function h(x) = –2·3ˣ + 2 is defined for every real number x because the exponential function 3ˣ is defined for all real x.
Domain: (–∞, ∞).
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Part (e): For Which Values of x Is h(x) ≥ –16?
We need to solve the inequality:
–2·3ˣ + 2 ≥ –16.
Step 1. Subtract 2 from both sides:
–2·3ˣ ≥ –18.
Step 2. Divide both sides by –2. (Remember: dividing by a negative number reverses the inequality.)
3ˣ ≤ 9.
Step 3. Express 9 as a power of 3:
9 = 3².
So the inequality becomes:
3ˣ ≤ 3².
Since the exponential function 3ˣ is increasing, we can take logarithms or simply equate the exponents:
x ≤ 2.
Thus, the solution to the inequality is
x ≤ 2.
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Part (f): (Incomplete Statement)
It seems that part (f) of your question was not fully included. Could you please provide the complete details or the full wording of part (f) so that I can help you with that part as well?
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Summary of Answers:
(a) Horizontal asymptote: y = 2.
(b) Sketch: The graph has a y-intercept at (0, 0), passes through (1, –4), decreases steeply as x increases (approaching –∞), and approaches the horizontal line y = 2 as x → –∞. (See the explanation above for details on how to sketch.)
(c) Range: (–∞, 2).
(d) Domain: (–∞, ∞).
(e) h(x) ≥ –16 for all x such that x ≤ 2.
Please provide the complete text for part (f) so I can continue.
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