Find all asymptotes, \( x \)-intercepts, and \( y \)-intercepts (if they do not exist, answer "DNE") for the graph of the rational function and sketch the graph of the function. \( f(x)=\frac{4 x}{x^{2}+8 x+16} \)
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The Deep Dive
To find the asymptotes, \( x \)-intercepts, and \( y \)-intercepts for the function \( f(x) = \frac{4x}{x^2 + 8x + 16} \), let’s go through each step: ### Asymptotes 1. **Vertical Asymptotes**: These occur where the denominator is zero (and the numerator is not zero). First, factor the denominator: \[ x^2 + 8x + 16 = (x + 4)^2 \] Setting the denominator equal to zero gives: \[ (x + 4)^2 = 0 \implies x = -4 \] Therefore, there is a vertical asymptote at \( x = -4 \). 2. **Horizontal Asymptotes**: To find horizontal asymptotes, we look at the degrees of the numerator and denominator. Here, the degree of the numerator (1) is less than the degree of the denominator (2), which means there is a horizontal asymptote at: \[ y = 0 \] ### Intercepts 1. **\( x \)-intercepts**: These occur where the function is equal to zero. To find the \( x \)-intercepts, set the numerator equal to zero: \[ 4x = 0 \implies x = 0 \] So, there is an \( x \)-intercept at \( (0, 0) \). 2. **\( y \)-intercepts**: The \( y \)-intercept occurs when \( x = 0 \): \[ f(0) = \frac{4(0)}{0^2 + 8(0) + 16} = \frac{0}{16} = 0 \] Hence, the \( y \)-intercept is also at \( (0, 0) \). ### Summary of Results - **Vertical Asymptote**: \( x = -4 \) - **Horizontal Asymptote**: \( y = 0 \) - **\( x \)-intercept**: \( (0, 0) \) - **\( y \)-intercept**: \( (0, 0) \) ### Sketch of the Graph To sketch the graph, note: - The graph approaches the vertical asymptote at \( x = -4 \) and will get infinitely close to the horizontal asymptote \( y = 0 \) as \( x \) tends to \( \infty \) or \( -\infty \). - The function has an intercept at the origin, indicating that it touches the origin. Overall, the graph will increase from negative infinity as it approaches \( x = -4 \) from the left, plunge down to infinity as it approaches \( x = -4 \) from the right, and then gradually approach the horizontal asymptote \( y = 0 \) as \( x \) moves towards infinity.
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